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8%)], (II) multiple immunosuppressive mechanisms (29.4%), (III) PD-L1 positive (20.6%), (IV) highly inflamed PD-L1 negative (10.3%); and (V) immune desert (2.9%). The Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used to compare the PDAC cohort with a comparison cohort (n=1,416 patients) for the mean expressions of the 409 genes evaluated. Multiple genes including TIM3, VISTA, CCL2, CCR2, TGFB1, CD73, and CD39 had significantly higher mean expression versus the comparison cohort, while three genes (LAG3, GITR, CD38) had significantly lower mean expression.

This study demonstrates that a clinically relevant unique profile of immune markers can be identified in PDAC and be used as a roadmap for personalized immunotherapeutic decision-making strategies.

This study demonstrates that a clinically relevant unique profile of immune markers can be identified in PDAC and be used as a roadmap for personalized immunotherapeutic decision-making strategies.

Previous studies have shown that the lactate/albumin (L/A) ratio plays a role in predicting the outcomes of septic shock or severe sepsis. However, the role of the L/A ratio in predicting the outcomes of critically ill patients with heart failure remains unclear. We therefore performed a retrospective study to clarify this issue.

The study was based on the Multiparameter Intelligent Monitoring in Intensive Care III (MIMIC-III) database and included critically ill adult patients with heart failure. The primary endpoints were 28-day and 1-year all-cause mortality after admission at the intensive care unit.

We analyzed 4,562 patients in this study. We divided the participants into five groups according to the L/A ratio quintile (Q)1 (L/A ratio ≤0.40, n=913), Q2 (0.40< L/A ratio ≤0.51, n=912), Q3 (0.51< L/A ratio ≤0.66, n=912), Q4 (0.66< L/A ratio ≤0.92, n=912), and Q5 (L/A ratio >0.92, n=913). After stratifying by L/A ratio, the risk of 28-day and 1-year mortality were significantly different between the groups (log-rank P<0.001). Compared with the first quintile, the second, third, fourth, and fifth quintiles of the L/A ratio were associated with higher 28-day [hazard ratio (HR) 1.57, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.21-2.03 for Q3, HR 1.72, 95% CI 1.34-2.21 for Q4, and HR 3.15, 95% CI 2.47-4.01 for Q5) and 1-year mortality (HR 1.19, 95% CI 1.00-1.41 for Q2, HR 1.36, 95% CI 1.15-1.60 for Q3, HR 1.42, 95% CI 1.20-1.67 for Q4, and HR 2.46, 95% CI 2.09-2.89 for Q5). The restricted cubic spline showed that the L/A ratio positively correlated with both 28-day and 1-year all-cause mortality.

The L/A ratio could serve as a predictor of short and long-term mortality in critically ill patients with heart failure.

The L/A ratio could serve as a predictor of short and long-term mortality in critically ill patients with heart failure.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality and is characterized by episodes of acute exacerbations. Finding a systemic biomarker that reliably predicts outcome after an acute exacerbation remains a major challenge. Heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) has been previously studied in COPD, however, urine excretion trajectory and prognostic value after an exacerbation is unknown.

In this retrospective post hoc analysis of a prospective study that included 253 COPD patients who were hospitalized for acute exacerbation, 207 patients were analyzed. Urine and serum were sampled at admission, discharge, and 180 days after discharge; urine excretion trajectory was analyzed and correlated with clinicopathological and survival data.

HSP27 urine excretion increased after an exacerbation episode [1.8% admission, 1.8% discharge, 2.3% 180 days after discharge (P=0.091)]. In severely ill patients (GOLD IV) this course was even more distinct [1.6% admission, 2.1% discharge, 2.8% 18.

Our findings provide novel information about fractional HSP27 urine excretion trajectory in acute exacerbation of COPD. Fractional HSP27 urine excretion may be significantly reduced during an episode of acute exacerbation in COPD patients and may be used as a predictor of short-term all-cause mortality.

Infantile hemangiomas (IHs) are the most frequently occurring pediatric lesions. Oral propranolol has been shown to be safe and effective in infants with IHs. Side effects such as sleep disturbances have been associated with propranolol. Atenolol is a hydrophilic, selective β1-blocker and therefore may be not associated with side effects attributable to β2-adrenergic receptor blockade and lipophilicity. However, the efficacy of atenolol in the treatment of IHs is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of atenolol in the treatment of proliferating IHs in a clinical cohort including 133 consecutive patients.

In this study, we enrolled 133 patients diagnosed as proliferating IHs from the routine clinical and referral practices of the authors. The procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the Institute Review Board of Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital and Helsinki Declaration. Clinical characteristics, including demographic data and clinical morphology,o propranolol, atenolol seems to have a similar effect on IHs. Furthermore, atenolol seems to be less frequently associated with potentially life-threatening side effects.

This study demonstrated that atenolol was effective in the treatment of IHs. Compared to propranolol, atenolol seems to have a similar effect on IHs. Furthermore, atenolol seems to be less frequently associated with potentially life-threatening side effects.

To investigate the gender differences of the relationships between clinical serum lipid indices and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Chinese elderly adults.

Between 2014 and 2016, participants selected from three communities in an urban district of Shanghai were measured for serum lipid indices of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), total cholesterol (TC), and triglyceride (TG). Age and multivariate adjusted logistic regression models were utilized to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of serum lipid indices on T2DM prevalence.

In total, 4,023 male and 3,862 female participants were included in this study, with the T2DM prevalence proportions of 13.03% and 11.73%, respectively. IDE397 cell line In association analysis, the serum levels of LDL-c, HDL-c, TC were significant between non-T2DM individuals and T2DM patients in men, but the HDL-c and TG in women. LDL-c/HDL-c, TG/HDL-c, and TC/HDL-c ratios were associated with the T2DM prevalence only in women.