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ancer cells.Background Early reports of COVID-19 in pregnancy described management by caesarean, strict isolation of the neonate and formula feeding, is this practise justified? Objective To estimate the risk of the neonate becoming infected with SARS-COV-2 by mode of delivery, type of infant feeding and mother-infant interaction SEARCH STRATEGY Two biomedical databases were searched between September 2019 – June 2020. Selection criteria Case reports or case series of pregnant women with confirmed COVID-19, where neonatal outcomes were reported. Data collection and analysis Data was extracted on mode of delivery, infant infection status, infant feeding and mother-infant interaction. For reported infant infection a critical analysis was performed to evaluate the likelihood of vertical transmission. Main results We included 49 studies which included 666 neonates and 655 women where information was provided on the mode of delivery and the infant’s infection status. 28/666 (4%) neonates had confirmed COVID-19 infection postnatally. Of the 291 women who delivered vaginally, 8/292 (2.7%) neonates were positive. Of the 364 women who had a Caesarean birth, 20/374 (5.3%) neonates were positive. Of the 28 neonates with confirmed COVID-19 infection, 7 were breast fed, 3 formula fed, 1 was given expressed breast milk and in 17 neonates the method of infant feeding was not reported. Conclusions Neonatal COVID-19 infection is uncommon, uncommonly symptomatic, and the rate of infection is no greater when the baby is born vaginally, breastfed or allowed contact with the mother.Background Pemphigus herpetiformis (PH) is a rare clinical subtype of pemphigus with the presence of urticarial plaques, severe pruritus, rare acantholysis and eosinophilic spongiosis. Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of IL-31 and proinflammatory cytokines/chemokines in the pathogenesis of PH. Methods Twenty-five patients with PH and three groups pemphigus foliaceus (PF=14), pemphigus vulgaris (PV=15) and healthy controls (HC=20) were selected for this study. The groups were analyzed by immunohistochemistry utilizing IL-31, IL-31RA, IL-4, IL-17 and TNF-α antibodies. Serum levels of IL-4, IL-13, TNF, CXCL8, CCL5 and CCL2 were evaluated by cytometric bead array. Results Analysis of IL-31 family of PH patients revealed the following findings 1) Enhanced in situ expression of IL-31 in PH samples, compared to PF and to PV (epidermis); 2) Cutaneous IL-31RA expression in PH samples was higher than in PF, PV and HC groups (epidermis and dermis) ;3) PF patients that evolved to PH showed significant increased IL-31RA epidermal expression during the PH phase. Profile of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-17 and TNF-α) in PH patients’ skin exhibited 1) Enhanced IL-4 expression, when compared to patients with PF (epidermis and dermis) and with PV (epidermis); 2) Augmented IL-17 expression than PF and PV patients (epidermis); 3) Augmented expression of TNF-α when compared to PF at the epidermal level. Evaluation of circulating cytokines and chemokines showed higher levels of CXCL8 and CCL2 in PH sera compared to HC group. Conclusions IL-31 and IL_31RA, cytokines related to pruritus, and proinflammatory chemokines (CXCL8 and CCL2) seem to exert a role in the pathogenesis of PH. These findings support future studies to clarify the role of IL-31 pathway as a potential therapeutic target for patients with PH.Colon cancer is one of the most common human malignancies, and chemotherapy cannot yet prevent recurrence in all patients. Essential oils are phytocomplexes with antiproliferative properties. In this study we elucidated the antiproliferative properties and the effect on cell cycle progression of sicilian Salvia officinalis essential oil and its three main compounds on three human colon cancer cell lines. The essential oil was extracted by hydrodistillation and analysed by gas chromatography. Cell proliferation was evaluated by MTT assay, and the cell cycle distribution was determined by flow cytometry. PF-4708671 clinical trial Thirty-four compounds were identified in the tested essential oil. Thirty-four compounds were identified in the tested essential oil. Growth inhibition was observed after 72 h, with an impact on cell cycle progression and no effect on the viability of normal colonic epithelial cells. The study shows that Salvia officinalis essential oil and its three main components have an in vitro antiproliferative effect on colon cancer cells.To explore genetic variations in duck circovirus (DuCV) and the molecular epidemiology of its infection, tissue samples were collected from 219 dead ducks from 20 farms in the central and eastern regions of China. All farms tested positive for DuCV, with duck-origin goose parvovirus, reovirus and Tembusu virus having co-infection rates of 100%, 0% and 0%, respectively. A total of 20 strains from the DuCV-positive flock were sequenced. The total sequence length was 1987-1996 nt, and the sequences shared 82% (JX499186, DuCV2 from Sichuan province, China) to 99.7% (KY328304, DuCV1 from Shandong Province, China) sequence identity with DuCV sequences available in GenBank. Hyper-variable regions were mainly located in open reading frame (ORF)2, ORF3 and intergenic regions. The tertiary structure of ORF2 from four provinces (Henan, Anhui, Zhejiang and Fujian) in China showed a canonical viral jelly roll and the antigenic epitope of ORF2 located in the bulge of the protein surface. Overall, 15 of the 20 DuCV strains are possibly derived through inter-genotypic and intragenotypic recombination. Based on sequence and phylogenetic analyses, six strains from Fujian Province clustered into a novel genotype-DuCV-1d. These findings may enrich our understanding of DuCV evolution and circulation and lay the foundation for vaccine strain selection.Objectives Transcatheter mitral valve repair (TMVR) by edge-to-edge therapy is an established treatment for severe mitral valve regurgitation (MR). Background Symptomatic and prognostic benefit in functional MR has been shown recently; nevertheless, data on long-term outcomes are sparse. Methods and results We analyzed survival of patients treated with isolated edge-to-edge repair from June 2010 to March 2018 (primarily combined edge-to-edge repair with other mitral valve interventions was excluded) in a retrospective monocentric study. Overall, 627 consecutive patients (47.0% females, 78.6 years in mean) were included. Leading etiology was functional MR (57.4%). Follow-up regarding survival was available in 97.0%. While 97.6% were discharged alive, 75.7% were alive after a 1-year, 54.5% after 3-year, 37.6% after 5-year and 21.7% after 7-year follow-up. Higher logistic Euroscores and comorbidities such as COPD and renal insufficiency were associated with higher in-hospital and 1-year mortality. Importantly, in-hospital survival increased over the years.