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A systematic discussion of the synthesis methods is also included which should guide researchers toward more efficient 2D Pd-based electrocatalysts. Lastly, the future outlook and trends in the development of 2D Pd-based nanomaterials toward fuel cell development are also presented.The development of sustainable methods for energy-intensive water treatment processes continues to be a challenging issue. Plasmonic-semiconductor nanoparticles, which absorb large amounts of sunlight in the visible range for conversion into chemical energy efficiently, can form the basis of a sustainable water treatment method. However, the potential uses of plasmonic semiconductor particles for water treatment have not been fully explored yet because of the limitations associated with the imbalance between light capture, charge transfer, and the required recycling steps for the particles themselves. Herein, a significantly improved visible-light-induced water treatment method that uses a plasmo-semiconductor nanogap bridge array (PNA) is reported. As an arrangement of antenna-reactors, the PNA enables the balancing of the largely enhanced electromagnetic field in the plasmonic nanogap coupling region and optimal separation of charge carriers in the semiconductor. The simultaneous effects of visible-light absorption and charge transfer lead to the generation of a highly enhanced visible-light-induced OH radical (•OH). Consequently, visible-light-induced 5-log N/N0 water disinfection and 100% chemical decomposition for sustainable water treatment were demonstrated. Owing to the large light absorption, charge carrier utilization, and array-oriented scalability, the PNA will be valuable in various sustainable energy and environmental applications.Adolescents with severe obesity are subject to a high prevalence of weight-based victimization that may lead to pervasive mental health symptoms. However, different coping strategies could potentially modulate these psychological consequences. This study aims to explore how treatment-seeking adolescents with severe obesity cope with weight-based victimization. This was a qualitative research study using an interpretive phenomenological analytic approach. One-on-one semi structured interviews were completed with 19 adolescents (63% female) enrolled in a weight management program. The interviews were transcribed and sequentially analysed until data saturation was attained. The majority of participants (89.5%) described being a victim of weight-based victimization and highlighted a significant emotional toll. Two key themes were identified that captured the various coping strategies used by participants. Over half (52.9%) described approach coping strategies where they acted on the source to invoke change by standing up for themselves, helping others in similar situations or becoming a bully themselves. Whilst the majority (94.1%) used avoidant coping strategies such as feigning a strong exterior façade, denial, isolation and self-harm. Nearly half (47.1%) used both strategies. Treatment-seeking adolescents with severe obesity commonly use avoidant coping strategies to deal with weight-based victimization. These strategies are associated with negative mental health outcomes and should be evaluated when counselling adolescents with obesity who have experienced weight-based victimization.For many decades, poly(2-oxazoline)s and poly(2-oxazine)s, two closely related families of polymers, have led the life of a rather obscure research topic with only a few research groups world-wide working with them. This has changed in the last five to ten years, presumably triggered significantly by very promising clinical trials of the first poly(2-oxazoline)-based drug conjugate. Mito-TEMPO The huge chemical and structural toolbox poly(2-oxazoline)s and poly(2-oxazine)s has been extended very significantly in the last few years, but their potential still remains largely untapped. Here, specifically, the developments in macromolecular self-assemblies and non-covalent drug delivery systems such as polyplexes and drug nanoformulations based on poly(2-oxazoline)s and poly(2-oxazine)s are reviewed. This highly dynamic field benefits particularly from the extensive synthetic toolbox poly(2-oxazoline)s and poly(2-oxazine)s offer and also may have the largest potential for a further development. It is expected that the research dynamics will remain high in the next few years, particularly as more about the safety and therapeutic potential of poly(2-oxazoline)s and poly(2-oxazine)s is learned.Many intracellular reactions occur in membrane-less organelles that form due to liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS). Cold-shock stress granules, which are membrane-less organelles, are formed in response to a significant decrease in temperature and recruit biomolecules for regulation of their activities. The authors have reported that synthetic ureido copolymers exhibit cooling-induced LLPS under physiologically relevant conditions. In this study, influences of the cooling-induced LLPS of ureido polymers on enzymatic activity is investigated to evaluate whether the ureido polymers can mimic cold-shock stress granules. The enzyme β-galactosidase (β-Gal) is efficiently entrapped into phase-separated coacervates of ureido polymers upon cooling. The activity of β-Gal is significantly suppressed by the entrapment. The enzymatic activity is recovered after heating, which dissolves the coacervate. Thus, the LLPS formed by ureido polymers are a suitable model for cold-shock stress granules.Multivalent interaction is an important principle for self-assembly and has been widely used to assemble colloids. However, surface binding partners are statistically distributed, which falls short of the interaction possibilities arising from geometrically controlled multivalency patterns as seen in viruses. Herein, the precision provided by 3D DNA origami is exploited to introduce multivalency pattern recognition via designing geometrically precise interaction patterns at patches of patchy nanocylinders. This gives rise to self-sorting of colloidal assemblies despite having the same type and number of supramolecular binding motifs-solely based on the pattern located on a 20 × 20 nm2 cross-section. The degree of sorting can be modulated by the geometric overlap of patterns and homo; mixed and alternating supracolloidal polymerizations are demonstrated. Multivalency patterns are able to provide an additional information layer to organize soft matter, important towards engineering of biological responses and functional materials design.