Activity

2-94 mg/day).

The developed analytical methods can be used for quality assessment of propolis extracts and dietary supplements.

The developed analytical methods can be used for quality assessment of propolis extracts and dietary supplements.Two fast and precise quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic methods (qNMR) were established and evaluated for the determination of ondansetron (OND) and omeprazole (OMP) in bulk drugs and their pharmaceutical dosage forms. NMR spectra were established using dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO-d6) as a solvent and phloroglucinol as the internal standard. Proton NMR signals at 3.743, 3.811, and 5.670 ppm were used for quantitative monitoring purposes corresponding to OND, OMP, and phloroglucinol, respectively. In this study, the methods linearity, accuracy, limit of quantification, limit of detection, stability, and precision were validated as per International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines. Linearity ranges were 0.3-10 mg for OND and 1-10 mg for OMP. The student t-test and F-test were used for statistical evaluation. Herein, the proposed methods are useful and can be a successful practical appliance for OND and OMP determination in drug substances and their dosage forms.Wheat and barley grains are two of the most important nutritional grains for humans and animals and they play an essential role in the nutritional cycle by different ratios according to people’s nutritional habits. This work aimed to monitor ten of the most important heavy metals in some European-origin wheat and barley grains during the season of 2018. The measured elements, Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Hg, Mo, Ni, Pb, and V, are of importance ecologically and biologically and may be involved in many health disorders affecting the human body. Moisture, protein, and specific grain weights were checked. Samples were digested using microwave acid digestion and the elements measured with ICP-MS/MS in He mode to increase sensitivity, lower the background, and avoid interference. Method validation and verification were carried out through spiking at two levels (2.0 and 10 ppb), then RSD, LOD, and LOQ were calculated. Recoveries were >97% for all elements at both levels with an RSD of less then 7.6%. Results revealed that As, Cd, Hg, and Pb were not detected in most wheat and barley samples, whereas Cd was detected in one sample of Ukrainian wheat and two samples of Estonian barley (but in very small traces). FG-4592 manufacturer Pb was detected in three samples of Polish wheat (in very small traces). Al, Mo, and Ni were detected in some samples of wheat and barley of all origins, whereas other elements were at very low levels considered to be negligible concentrations.A qualitative 3 min one-step assay for detecting beta-lactam, sulfonamide, and tetracycline antibiotics was validated following milk screening test guidelines developed by FDA-CVM, AOAC-RI, and IDF. The validated 90% detection levels with 95% confidence were penicillin G 2 part per billion (ppb); amoxicillin 4 ppb; ampicillin 9 ppb; ceftiofur plus metabolites 50 ppb; cloxacillin 9 ppb; cephapirin 15 ppb; sulfadimethoxine 8 ppb; sulfamethazine 9 ppb; chlortetracycline 34 ppb; oxytetracycline 53 ppb; and tetracycline 42 ppb. Detection levels were lower than U.S. and Canadian allowable limits for milk and were consistent with most European Maximum Residue Limits. Tests of raw commingled cows’ milk indicated a low positive error rate of less then 0.3% with no interferences demonstrated by 1.08 MM/mL somatic cells, Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria less then 300 K/mL, freeze/thawing, or non-targeted drugs. Detection of incurred residues were similar to, or more sensitive to, fortified samples. Some cross reactivity across drug families occurred in interference studies and therefore initial positive samples should be confirmed with drug family specific screening methods. The National Conference of Interstate Milk Shipments approval as a bulk tank/tanker screening test was completed in three stages for each drug family, including a tetracycline confirmation procedure to target U.S. tolerance levels. Detection and robustness were found to be appropriate for multiple countries’ regulatory requirements for screening tests. The method development, validation, and approval was intended to diversify and increase the verification tools for the control of the major antibiotic drug families used in managing cows’ health and welfare.

Cinnamon is a popular spice used in food products. Its flavor varies by its chemical profile. Cinnamon flavoring powder is a unique form of material with essential oil encapsulated in wall material, which improves the stability and homogeneity but also increases the difficulties for analysis. A specific and rapid method is needed to analyze the main components for its quality and safety.

An analytical method for the quantification of cinnamon flavoring powder was developed and validated. The characteristic components for analysis were selected as coumarin, trans-cinnamic acid, trans-cinnamaldehyde, and eugenol.

This quantitation method with ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector analysis was achieved by material extraction followed by chromatographic separation on C18 columns eluted with a gradient acetonitrile-water mobile phase. The detected wavelength was determined as 280 nm.

Linear regression of calibration curves for each component was validated (R2 > 0.9995). The specificity, LOD and LOQ, precision, accuracy, and ruggedness of the developed method were also evaluated.

Such an approach is applicable for the simultaneous determination of these four characteristic constituents in cinnamon flavoring powder used in manufacturing and quality control of nutritional products.

This study describes the selection of four components for analysis, the efficient extraction of them from cinnamon flavoring powder, and the rapid quantitation of these four characteristic components in these materials.

This study describes the selection of four components for analysis, the efficient extraction of them from cinnamon flavoring powder, and the rapid quantitation of these four characteristic components in these materials.