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Healthcare/government agencies and hospitals mostly created educationally useful videos, e-learning platforms, and individuals mainly created non-useful videos. GSK2830371 nmr Significant correlations were observed between the video’s usefulness and the total view and views per day.

During a pandemic, YouTube might be a resource for learning donning and doffing of personal protective equipment for healthcare workers if an appropriate selection process applied for determining educationally useful videos.

During a pandemic, YouTube might be a resource for learning donning and doffing of personal protective equipment for healthcare workers if an appropriate selection process applied for determining educationally useful videos.Overfishing is one of the main impacts on the marine environment and multiple-use Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) could be a useful tool to conserve biodiversity and promote sustainable resource exploitation. However, ensuring a high level of protection on the ground is a difficult task. This work contributes to the analysis of the causes at the root of MPAs’ ineffectiveness by examining the management of Paracentrotus lividus fishery in an Italian MPA, employing a multidisciplinary approach built on biological and socio-economic competences. This sea urchin species has a determinant ecological role in structuring infralittoral benthic assemblages and is the most exploited echinoid in Europe. From 2010 to 2018, underwater sampling was conducted over 39 monitoring sites to define P. lividus spatial and temporal trends. Declared catches and semi-structured interviews with local stakeholders were used to define the socio-economical context, underline existing conflicts among them, as well as to trace the historical evolution of sea urchin fishery. The results show that the management of sea urchin fishery is not sustainable, primarily because of the stakeholders’ non-compliance with the rules. P. lividus stock is progressively declining (-73% in 9 years), showing no difference between MPA (0.5 ± 0.15 ind./m2) and control sites (0.3 ± 0.04 ind./m2). Moreover, fishermen dominate the social arena while scientists, civil society and local press have little relevance. Additionally, the untruthfulness of catch declarations was proved, the IUU fishery is relevant and the black market is hiding the actual economic value. This work offers management solutions that may be useful in other areas that show similar compliance issues.Severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with comorbidities. However, no information is available on the frequency of nasopharyngeal swab collection and positivity depending on comorbidities. Using a cross-sectional design, we assessed the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 tests and of positivity in the general population of the 530,000-inhabitant Italian province of Udine and in subgroups affected by chronic conditions in the first weeks of SARS-CoV-2 epidemic. Anonymous health databases were used as source of information to identify persons with 14 chronic conditions. From laboratory records we assessed the likelihood of real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction for SARS-CoV-2 and the frequency of positivity from February 29 to April 19, 2020, i.e., 7 weeks from the first case detected in the study area. Sex and age-stratified proportions were calculated in comorbidity subgroups. Multivariate regression was used to adjust for confounders. In the province, 236,623 persons had ≥1 chronic condition; 869 had positive tests. Persons with comorbidities were tested more than the others. However, most chronic conditions were not significantly associated with the prevalence of positivity, except psychiatric and neurological diseases and diabetes. In conclusion, despite more frequent testing, patients with most chronic diseases where equally likely to be diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 as the general population. Chronic patients should adhere to general recommendations for preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection, but ad hoc restrictions do not seem necessary.

Maternal depression has been reported to be harmful to maternal and child health, and nutrition-mental health interactions may play a key role, but evidence from longitudinal studies throughout pregnancy remains insufficient. This study aimed to investigate the association of maternal dietary patterns with depressive symptoms throughout pregnancy.

This study was based in the Born in Guangzhou Cohort Study. Dietary patterns were defined by cluster analysis based on validated food frequency questionnaires in mid-pregnancy. A healthy diet score was also developed based on predefined criteria of existing dietary guidelines. Depressive symptoms were measured by Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) in both early and late pregnancy, with SDS scores ≥53 defined as having depressive symptoms. Associations of dietary patterns with SDS scores were examined by linear-mixed models; associations of dietary patterns with the odds of having depressive symptoms were examined by mixed-effects logistic models. The association diet score revealed the healthiness of the ‘Vegetables’, ‘Fruits’, and ‘Milk’ patterns and supported an inverse association between healthy dietary patterns and depressive symptoms throughout pregnancy.

Diets rich in vegetables, fruits, nuts, and dairy products had an inverse association with depressive symptoms throughout pregnancy. Our findings add support to the existing dietary guidelines that healthy diets might also have potential benefits to maternal mental health.

Diets rich in vegetables, fruits, nuts, and dairy products had an inverse association with depressive symptoms throughout pregnancy. Our findings add support to the existing dietary guidelines that healthy diets might also have potential benefits to maternal mental health.

A system enabling the objective assessment of the transmission of voice sounds to the external auditory canal (EAC) during phonation has recently been revised. Our aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of this new system in the diagnosis of patulous Eustachian tube (PET) patients by comparing the results obtained using this method with those obtained from conventional objective tests to diagnose PET.

A prospective survey of medical records was included with definite PET, possible PET, and sensorineural hearing loss as control. The measurement system consists of a personal computer, an AD/DA converter (NI 6361, National Instruments), a probe microphone system for recording voice sound (ER-10C, Etymotic Research) and two microphones for measuring noise sound in the EAC (ER-10B+, Etymotic Research). Pronouncing the “Ni” sound for 5s were recorded with these three microphones. The ratio of the maximum sound pressure of voice sound and noise sound in EAC (EAC/Voice) was simultaneously calculated, and results were displayed on a personal computer for diagnosing.