Activity

he treatment of DR.

Taken together, this work demonstrated that DHM exerts protective effects on HG-induced oxidative stress and apoptotic damage in ARPE-19 cells via inhibition of miR-34a expression, providing a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of DR.

To investigate the plasma alarin level in newly diagnosed obese type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its correlation with glucose and lipid metabolism and insulin resistance.

From October 2018 to June 2020, 239 newly diagnosed T2DM patients were collected. According to obesity, patients were divided into T2DM obese group (n=135) and T2DM non-obese group (n =104). Gender, age, body mass index (BMI), blood lipids, blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting insulin (FINS), plasma alarin concentration, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), homeostasis model assessment for β-cell function (HOMA-β) and other clinical data were collected and analyzed.

BMI, triacylglycerol (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), fasting blood glucose (FPG), HbA1c, FINS, plasma alarin levels and HOMA-IR in the control group, T2DM non-obese group and T2DM obese group increased sequentially, and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-L) and HOMA-β decreG, HbA1c, HOMA-β and HOMA-IR, and may be involved in development of T2DM.

Although clinical trials and animal models have evaluated the alterations of the microbiome in chronic pancreatitis (CP), the gut microbiota composition and diversity in cerulein-induced CP is unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the changes of gut microbiota in a CP mice model, and to determine whether these gut microbiota changes were consistent with those in patients with CP.

A total of ten male C57BL/6j mice were randomly divided into two groups. The experimental group were injected intraperitoneally with cerulein, while the normal control group received comparable injections of saline, the entire molding process lasted 6 weeks. Histology analysis was used to assess pancreatic morphological changes and fibrosis, meanwhile the gut microbiota composition and diversity were analyzed by high throughput sequencing. Spearman correlation analysis was used to determine whether body weight and weight changes were associated with changes in gut microbial abundance.

The bacterial richness and diversity of CP mice decreased, and the gut microbiota changed, including lower levels of

, decreased

ratio and increased abundance of

and

. We found statistically significant differences in body weight and weight changes between the two groups. Epigenetics inhibitor However, there was no significant correlation between alterations of gut microbiota and in body weight and weight changes.

Our results showed that the gut microbiota in cerulein-induced CP was changed.

Our results showed that the gut microbiota in cerulein-induced CP was changed.

Cangrelor is an intravenous, direct-acting, reversible P2Y

inhibitor indicated for the reduction of thrombotic cardiovascular events in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in whom oral P2Y

inhibitors are not feasible or desirable. The objective was to assess the financial impact of introducing cangrelor into the hospital formulary in Spain.

A budget impact model was developed to calculate the cost difference between two scenarios (without and with cangrelor) to treat CAD patients undergoing PCI in whom oral P2Y

inhibitors are not feasible or desirable, over 3 years. Intravenous P2Y

inhibitor (cangrelor), oral P2Y

inhibitors (clopidogrel, prasugrel, and ticagrelor), and glycoprotein IIb-IIIa inhibitors (GPIs) for bail-out use were considered. Epidemiological, efficacy (thrombotic events including cardiac death), safety (bleeding events), and costs (€, 2019) data were based on Spanish registries, clinical trials, and meta-analyses. One-way sensitivity analysis established the effect of uncertainty on results.

For years 1, 2, and 3, the target population to receive cangrelor was 607, 1,822, and 3,340 patients, and cangrelor uptake was 23.70%, 58.30%, and 51.30%, respectively. The 3-year budget impact was 1,021,717€ varying from 50,245€ in year 1 to 599,272€ in year 3. The results were sensitive to the number of patients treated with GPIs in Spanish hospitals.

Based on our results, the financial effort needed to introduce the use of cangrelor in patients undergoing PCI in whom antiplatelet therapy with oral P2Y

inhibitors is not feasible or desirable barely exceeds one million € over three years, in Spain.

Based on our results, the financial effort needed to introduce the use of cangrelor in patients undergoing PCI in whom antiplatelet therapy with oral P2Y12 inhibitors is not feasible or desirable barely exceeds one million € over three years, in Spain.

Malaria continues to be a major health issue globally with almost 85% of the global burden and deaths borne by sub-Saharan Africa and India. Although the current artemisinin derived combination therapies in Ghana are still efficacious against the

(

) parasite, compounding evidence of artemisinin and amodiaquine resistance establish the need for a full, up-to-date understanding and monitoring of antimalarial resistance to provide evidence for planning control strategies.

The study was cross-sectional and was conducted during the peak malaria transmission seasons of 2015, 2016, and 2017 in two ecological zones of Ghana. Study participants included children aged 6 months to 14 years. Using ex vivo 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) drug sensitivity assay, 330

isolates were used to investigate susceptibility to five antimalarial drugs chloroquine (CQ), amodiaquine (AMD) dihydroartemisinin (DHA), artesunate (ART) and mefloquine (MFQ).

The pooled geometric mean IC

S (GMIC

) of the five drugs againstced sensitivities to three (AMD, DHA and MFQ) out of the five drugs assessed. The study also demonstrated the continual return of chloroquine-sensitive parasites after 13 years of its withdrawal as the first-line drug for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria in Ghana. The ex vivo DAPI assay is a reliable method for assessing antimalarial drug sensitivities of Pf field isolates under field settings.