Activity

The methodology developed has allowed assessing qualitative differences between farmed and wild fish, and opens new perspectives in a still scarcely known field of research.

To gain an understanding of current practices in the management of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTSs) in the setting of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Including both medication therapy and emerging minimally invasive options including peri-procedure considerations, expected outcomes, and value-based considerations.

Medical therapy, primarily alpha blockers (ABs), and 5 alpha reductase inhibitors (5-ARI) remain the most commonly utilized intervention for LUTS associated with BPH. Several minimally invasive surgical treatments (MISTs) have emerged to provide efficacious and durable results, while largely sparing men from the sexual adverse effects of more invasive surgical options. The introduction of value-based health care has led to more cost-conscious medical care and is poised to influence the landscape of LUTS associated with BPH treatment. As the population-based and societal needs continue to influence medical care for men with LUTS associated with BPH, a paradigm shift in management is expected.

Medical therapy, primarily alpha blockers (ABs), and 5 alpha reductase inhibitors (5-ARI) remain the most commonly utilized intervention for LUTS associated with BPH. Several minimally invasive surgical treatments (MISTs) have emerged to provide efficacious and durable results, while largely sparing men from the sexual adverse effects of more invasive surgical options. The introduction of value-based health care has led to more cost-conscious medical care and is poised to influence the landscape of LUTS associated with BPH treatment. As the population-based and societal needs continue to influence medical care for men with LUTS associated with BPH, a paradigm shift in management is expected.The present study aimed to investigate the differential response of oxidative (soleus) and glycolytic (gastrocnemius) muscles to heat-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. It was hypothesized that due to compositional and functional differences, both muscles respond differently to acute heat stress. To address this, male Sprague Dawley rats (12/group) were subjected to thermoneutral (25 °C) or heat stress (42 °C) conditions for 1 h. find more Soleus and gastrocnemius muscles were removed for analysis post-exposure. A significant increase in body temperature and free radical generation was observed in both the muscles following heat exposure. This further caused a significant increase in protein carbonyl content, AOPP, and lipid peroxidation in heat-stressed muscles. These changes were more pronounced in heat-stressed soleus compared to the gastrocnemius muscle. Accumulation of unfolded, denatured proteins results in ER stress, causing activation of unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway. The expressions of UPR transducers were significantly higher in soleus as compared to the gastrocnemius muscle. A significant elevation in resting intracellular calcium ion was also observed in heat-stressed soleus muscle. Overloading of cells with misfolded proteins in soleus muscle activated ER-induced apoptosis as indicated by significant upregulation of C/EBP homologous protein and Caspase12. The study provides a detailed mechanistic representation of the differential response of muscles toward UPR under heat stress. Data suggests that soleus majorly being an oxidative muscle is more prone to heat stress-induced insult indicated by enhanced apoptosis. This study may aid in devising mitigation strategies to improve muscle performance under heat stress.In this paper, a new version of the multi-objective particle swarm optimizer named the Diversity-enhanced fuzzy multi-objective particle swarm optimization (f-MOPSO/Div) algorithm is proposed. This algorithm is an improved version of our recently proposed f-MOPSO. In the proposed algorithm, a new characteristic of the particles in the objective space, which we named the “extremity,” is also evaluated, along with the Pareto dominance, to appoint proper guides for the particles in the search space. Three improvements are applied to the f-MOPSO to mitigate its shortcomings, generating f-MOPSO/Div (1) selecting the global best solution based on the diversity of the extreme solutions, (2) impeding the particles to be trapped in the local optima using a mutation scheme based on the dynamic probability, and (3) removing the pre-optimization process. To validate f-MOPSO/Div, it was compared with some other popular multi-objective algorithms on 14 standard low- and high-dimensional test problem suites. After the comparative results indicated the outperformance of the proposal, the f-MOPSO/Div was applied to solve an optimal conjunctive water use management problem, in a semi-arid study area in west-central Iran, over a 13-year long-term planning period with two main objectives (1) maximizing the aquifer sustainability as an environmental goal, and (2) maximizing the crop yields as a socio-economic goal. As the results suggest, the cumulative groundwater level drawdown is considerably decreased over the whole planning period to make the aquifer sustainable, while the water productivity is held at a desirable level, demonstrating the superiority of the f-MOPSO/Div when also applied to solve a large-scale real-world optimization problem.

The effectiveness of surgical rib fixation is currently controversial, partly because of differences in timing. We used a Japanese nationwide database to investigate the effectiveness of surgical rib fixation in relation to its timing.

We used the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination database to identify patients with rib fractures who underwent mechanical ventilation from 1 July 2010 to 31 March 2018. We performed overlap weight analysis to compare in-hospital outcomes between patients who had and had not undergone surgical rib fixation within 3, 6 or 10days after admission. The primary outcomes were duration of mechanical ventilation and post-rib fixation length of hospital stay. The secondary outcomes were tracheostomy, post-admission pneumonia and all-cause 28-day in-hospital mortality.

We identified 8922 eligible patients. Surgical rib fixation within 3days after admission was associated with shorter duration of mechanical ventilation (percent difference, - 42.9%; 95% confidence interval, - 57.