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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major public health problem in Senegal, and the third most common cancer in terms of incidence. However, there are no recent data on the characteristics of this pathology in our country. The aim was to describe the epidemiological, clinical, aetiological and therapeutic aspects of HCC at Hôpital Principal de Dakar, Senegal. We did a descriptive retrospective study, including patients hospitalized from January 2012 to December 2017. We included 229 patients. The mean age was 47.4 years (21 – 88 years), and 77 patients (33.6%) were under 40 years of age. The sex ratio was 6.6. Twelve patients (5.2%) had a family history of 1st degree cirrhosis or HCC. Ten patients (4.4%) were previously treated with nucleotide analogues. The most common clinical sign at diagnosis was abdominal pain (91.7%). Alpha-fetoprotein level was normal in 12.2% of patients, and greater than 400 ng/ml in 68.1% of cases. Abdominal ultrasound found nodular HCC in 122 patients (68.2%), infiltrative HCC in 19 patients (10.6%), and was normal in 38 cases (21.2%). Subjacent cirrhosis was detected in 71.3% of cases. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan showed compatible HCC lesions in 88.8% of cases. A histological diagnosis was obtained in 2 patients (0.9%). The most common etiological factor was hepatitis B virus (69.4%), characterized mostly by a younger age (p = 0.001). In 20.9% of cases, no aetiology was found. An advanced or terminal stage (BCLC C/D) was found in 217 cases (94.8%). The treatment was curative in 12 patients (5.2%), and palliative in 7 cases (3.1%). The evolution at one year was favourable in 6 patients (2.6%). Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a disease that mainly affects young male adults in Senegal. The main aetiological factor remains HBV infection. The diagnosis is made at an advanced stage and the prognosis very bad.

a strong need exists for the knowledge of aetiologies of diseases as this will guide the clinicians on the strategies for their treatment and prevention. In this study, we determined the aetiologies of profound bilateral sensorineural hearing loss (pbSNHL) with a view to provide the relevant data needed for preventive and therapeutic intervention among children in Ekiti State, South Western Nigeria.

medical records of children with pbSNHL seen over a ten-year period were analysed.

in all, records of 142 children with pbSNHL were analysed. The results showed spectrum of aetiologies that were similar to those reported decades ago with the ‘unknown’ assuming a recurring decimal. Of the known (acquired) cases, measles takes up the largest ‘chunk’ with a prevalence of 45.8%. Twenty-eight (32.2%) of those with febrile illnesses had treated their fever with ototoxic antibiotics. Late diagnosis was characteristic of the pbSNHL.

this study shows that there hasn’t been any significant shift in the common causesr intensive research on the unknown causes of pbSNHL is hereby stressed. Also recommended is routine hearing assessment for survivors of febrile conditions so as to detect, if any, hearing loss promptly.

simulation-based learning (SBL) is an educational technique that is used to create lifelike experiences within a controlled setting. Feedback and debriefing have been described as most important components in healthcare simulation. Providing feedback or debriefing loses its efficacy if it is not performed correctly. The results of poor feedback or debriefing practice may negatively affect future student performance. It is important to identify both positive and negative current practice so as to better understand the potential effects on student learning. There is a paucity of evidence relating to debriefing within the resource-constrained environment.

a cross-sectional design collected data using a purpose-designed, paper-based questionnaire that was validated using a pilot study. We collected data from three South African higher education institutions (HEI) offering emergency medical care qualifications. Questionnaires were distributed on-site at each HEI by an academic staff member and were returned to negative effect of multiple facilitators was highlighted by participants who indicated that they preferred a single debriefer for the entire academic year. Peer-led debriefing was perceived as a positive practice and has a number of advantages and disadvantages that should be considered and mitigated by the facilitator.

several strategies related to effective feedback and debriefing were identified by the student participants as already being employed by facilitators. The potentially negative effect of multiple facilitators was highlighted by participants who indicated that they preferred a single debriefer for the entire academic year. Peer-led debriefing was perceived as a positive practice and has a number of advantages and disadvantages that should be considered and mitigated by the facilitator.

the purpose of this study was to assess the orthopaedic surgeons’ perceptions and attitudes on COVID-19 related changes in their practice.

an online survey was shared with orthopaedic surgeons practicing in different countries.

this study showed that orthopaedic surgery plan management was adapted to respond more effectively to the COVID-19 pandemic while maintaining the continuity of health care and ensuring protection of medical staff and patients. Among the introduced measures, elective surgery was postponed to free-up beds for suspected or COVID-19 positive patients requiring hospitalization. VVD-214 supplier Additionally, the number of outpatient visits was considerably decreased and non-urgent visits were postponed to reduce the flow of patients in and out of hospitals and therefore minimize the risk of contamination. Interestingly, data revealed the willingness of orthopaedic surgeons to take care of COVID-19 positive patients and support their colleagues in intensive care units, if needed.

orthopaedic surgery departments have adapted their programs to face the unprecedented challenges due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Quick measures were taken to reduce the risk of contamination in patients, medical staff and to allow hospitals to free up beds for treatment of patients with positive or suspected COVID-19.

orthopaedic surgery departments have adapted their programs to face the unprecedented challenges due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Quick measures were taken to reduce the risk of contamination in patients, medical staff and to allow hospitals to free up beds for treatment of patients with positive or suspected COVID-19.