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Objective To measure the effect of serum estradiol (E2) levels on leptin expression in Macaca nemestrina (southern pig-tailed macaque) endometrial tissue. Materials and methods This study used paraffin-embedded midluteal phase endometrial tissue blocks of Macaca nemestrina from previous study. Included subjects were 15 female macaques of reproductive age (8-10 years) with a previous history of producing offspring, which were divided into four groups groups administered with 30 IU, 50 IU, and 70 IU r-FSH (intervention group), and no r-FSH (control group). The stimulation was done following GnRH agonist long protocol. Staining was done using immunohistochemistry. Leptin expression was measured using immunohistochemistry (IHC) Profiler plugin of ImageJ software and counted semi-quantitatively as Histological Score (Hscore). Results Correlation between E2 concentration to stromal leptin expression was observed (p=0.043). Conclusion Serum estradiol concentration is found to be correlated with leptin expression in Macaca nemestrina, suggesting a mechanism of decreasing endometrial receptivity among women undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation.Objective We aimed to identify factors influencing pregnant women’s use of patient decision aids (PtDA) and decision making on prenatal screening. Materials and methods This qualitative study was conducted between July 2019 and June 2020 in Tehran, Iran. The sample included 26 pregnant women selected by purposive sampling. The participants used a prenatal screening PtDA, then interviewed about factors that would influence their decision making and use of decision aids. The data were analyzed by conventional content analysis. Results Three categories were identified for the process of and factors influencing decision making, including the current decision making process, expected decision making process, and factors influencing decision making. Also, five categories were identified as factors affecting the use of PtDAs, including the content of decision aids, the appearance of decision aids, the decision aid platform, the provision of decision aids, and the sub features of decision aids. Conclusion To design, develop, and implementation of PtDAs for pregnant women, one should identify the factors affecting pregnant women’s decision making and the use of decision aids. This study helped to the identification of these factors, which is the first step towards the use of PtDAs by pregnant women and their participation in decision making.Objective To evaluate the recommendations on the most adequate screening method (universal or selective) for thyroid dysfunction. Although thyroid dysfunction is a common disorder in fertile women and untreated cases may have negative maternal, fetal and neonatal outcomes, its screening in preconception and early pregnancy is controversial. Materials and methods An evidence-based review was conducted to identify publications since 2017 of American Thyroid Association (ATA) guidelines, according to the following Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes and Study (PICOS) women in preconception or pregnancy without thyroid disease who underwent universal or selective screening for thyroid dysfunction. Study selection obeyed the PRISMA criteria. Results We included 15 of 325 publications. The 2017 ATA guidelines recommend selective screening in both preconception and pregnancy. The only two reviews on preconception recommended universal screening. For pregnancy, nine articles suggested universal screening, while a prospective study advocated selective screening. The main benefits advocated for universal screening were easy and low-cost tests; absence of missed diagnosis; safe and inexpensive treatment and its potential in preventing negative outcomes. Iodine deficiency is a decisive indication, but it was not evaluated in all clinical studies. Screening harms and knowledge gaps were the main arguments against universal screening. There are very few cost-effectiveness studies. Conclusion We recommend universal screening for thyroid dysfunction in early pregnancy, which is a distinct point of view from 2017 ATA guidelines (weak recommendation, low-quality evidence). It is not possible to make a formal recommendation for preconception (insufficient evidence). We strongly suggest an individualized analysis by each country.Objective The Iranian Mental Health Survey (IranMHS) indicated that almost 1 in 4 people had one or more psychiatric disorders (23.6%); however, two-thirds of patients did not benefit from health interventions, many provided services were inadequate and imposed a high burden on Iranian families. find more Therefore, the development of a national program on providing comprehensive social and mental health services, entitled “SERAJ”, became necessary. The present study aims to develop and outline the protocol for the pilot implementation of SERAJ. Method This study is an action research with the collaborative mode. To compile the protocol, a broad review of the literature, interviews with experts and stakeholders, and focused group discussions were conducted. Results The pilot implementation should be divided into 4 phases (1) preparing documentation and work team, (2) preparing the prerequisites for providing pilot services, (3) providing pilot services, and (4) implementation and evaluation. Conclusion SERAJ considered both preventive and treatment measures for mental and social health disorders and their risk factors. Moreover, the entire population can have access to primary and secondary services. Therefore, SERAJ is more comprehensive than the current situation in the country’s mental health services. We suggest piloting and evaluating SERAJ in three districts of Iran.Objective The purpose of this study was to introduce, present, and describe the self-review therapeutic method that was designed and presented by Pourhosein based on Beck’s cognitive theory, Islamic philosophy, and the return to Iqbal-e-Lahouri’s self-awareness to reduce the symptoms of depression and increase happiness. Method In this study in addition to a theoretical and methodological discussion about self-review intervention method browsing, an example of research done in this field is mentioned. Results The basic principles of this approach have been based on human integrity with a cognitive approach. The underlying principle in this method is the bareness and consciousness of the human being from the inner and outer features of the self in which as a human being becomes more aware of his internal and external traits and his emotional responses will become more realistic. Conclusion This method is presented in a systematic manner, which if goes well, the patients’ consciousness about their self is increased and their symptoms of depression will decrease.