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The result showed that out of 144 isolates, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were predominant isolates with the percentage of 47.9 and 25%, respectively. The prevalence of ESBL was higher in K. pneumonia (38.9%) than E. coli (34.8%). All isolated E. coli were sensitive to nitrofurantoin and tigecycline. There was a high prevalence of MDR Enterobacteriaceae, and only one isolate was XDR, while PDR was zero for all isolated bacteria. Active antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) observation through constant data sharing and management of all stakeholders is crucial to recognize and control the AMR global burden. Also, effective antibiotic stewardship procedures would be applied to limit the unreasonable expenditure of antibiotics in Sudan.Since the spread of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (MDRKP) strains is considered as a challenge for patients with weakened or suppressed immunity, the emergence of isolates carrying determinants of hypervirulent phenotypes in addition may become a serious problem even for healthy individuals. The aim of this study is an investigation of the nonoutbreak K. pneumoniae emergence occurred in early 2017 at a maternity hospital of Kazan, Russia. Ten bacterial isolates demonstrating multiple drug resistance phenotypes were collected from eight healthy full-term breastfed neonates, observed at the maternity hospital of Kazan, Russia. All the infants and their mothers were dismissed without symptoms or complaints, in a satisfactory condition. Whole-genome shotgun (WGS) sequencing was performed with the purpose to track down a possible spread source(s) and obtain detailed information about resistance determinants and pathogenic potential of the collected isolates. Microdilution tests have confirmed production of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) and their resistance to aminoglycoside, β-lactam, fluoroquinolone, sulfonamide, nitrofurantoin, trimethoprim, and fosfomycin antibiotics and Klebsiella phage. The WGS analysis has revealed the genes that are resistant to aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, macrolides, sulfonamides, chloramphenicols, tetracyclines, and trimethoprim and ESBL determinants. The pangenome analysis had split the isolates into two phylogenetic clades. The first group, a more heterogeneous clade, was represented by 5 isolates with 4 different in silico multilocus sequence types (MLSTs). The second group contained 5 isolates from infants born vaginally with the single MLST ST23, positive for genes corresponding to hypervirulent phenotypes yersiniabactin, aerobactin, salmochelin, colibactin, hypermucoid determinants, and specific alleles of K- and O-antigens. The source of the MDRKP spread was not defined. Infected infants have shown no developed disease symptoms.Treating infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa is challenging. In addition to its intrinsic ability to develop resistance to multiple classes of antibiotics, it also produces extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL). Continuous update of the antibiograms is required to cope with the rate of the emergence of antibiotic resistance. This study aimed to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and to determine the frequency of ESBL production among the P. aeruginosa isolates from patients at two public military hospitals in Khartoum, Sudan. A total of 34 isolates of P. aeruginosa obtained from patients with diabetic septic foot wounds were tested for their antibiotic sensitivity patterns. Resistance occurred most commonly to ceftazidime (35%), followed by ciprofloxacin (20.6%) and piperacillin (14.7%). We found that 17.6% of the P. aeruginosa isolates were ESBL producers, but all of these isolates were sensitive to meropenem. The chi-squared test showed a significant association between the ESBL production and antimicrobial resistance to amikacin, ceftazidime, and piperacillin. Our findings strengthen previous reports in which aminoglycosides (amikacin) and carbapenems (meropenem) were found to be highly effective against P. aeruginosa. Our findings highlight the need for effective surveillance and antibiogram-guided antibiotic prescription.This study aims to evaluate the salivary parameters and cariogenic microbiota of pediatric oncological patients and their correlation with severe oral mucositis (SOM). A preliminary longitudinal study included patients in the age range from 4 to 18 years (n = 26), with diagnosis of primary cancer, who were followed up before and after time intervals of two, five, and ten weeks of induction chemotherapy. find more Oral mucosa examinations were performed by means of the modified Oral Assessment Guide (OAG) by calibrated examiners (κ > 0.70). Saliva analysis (unstimulated saliva flow (USF), clinical saliva viscosity (CSV), and pH) and microbiological (total Streptococcus (TS) and Streptococcus of the mutans group (SMG)) tests were performed using unstimulated saliva. The data were analyzed by the Wilcoxon and Spearman Correlation tests (α = 5%). The patients were predominantly of the female sex (n = 15; 57.7%), adolescents (n = 15; 57.7%), and patients with hematological tumors (n = 21; 80.8%). SOM was more frequent in the tenth week (n = 7; 28.6%). The values of USF, CSV, pH, TS, and SMG were not changed by the institution of chemotherapy (p > 0.05). These values were correlated with SOM and the time, TS and SMG, and CSV and SMG. The salivary and microbiological parameters investigated did not influence the severity of oral mucositis in the pediatric patients oncological..

Sialadenitis is a frequent occurrence after radioactive iodine therapy (RAI). However, reports on its predictors and risk factors in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMRO) are scarce.

This study aimed to identify risk factors for early sialadenitis in patients receiving RAI for differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) at the American University of Beirut Medical Center. It also aimed to determine the prevalence and characteristics of such patients receiving RAI at our institution.

This was a retrospective study conducted at the American University of Beirut Medical Center. Medical charts were reviewed for all patients 18-79 years of age admitted to receive RAI for DTC between 01/01/2012 and 31/12/2015. Sialadenitis was deemed present if there were any records of neck swelling/pain, dry mouth, or difficulty swallowing within 48 hours of RAI administration. Characteristics between patients with sialadenitis and those without were compared to determine predictors.

There were 174 patients admitted to receive RAI, predominantly females (71.