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In addition to IFN, gamma globulin, antiserum and MSC transplantation therapy can help clear the virus and reduce inflammation. Although MSC transplantation fail to completely change the immunecompromised state of critically ill patients, it controlled the progression of inflammation in the liver and kidneys.

In addition to IFN, gamma globulin, antiserum and MSC transplantation therapy can help clear the virus and reduce inflammation. Although MSC transplantation fail to completely change the immunecompromised state of critically ill patients, it controlled the progression of inflammation in the liver and kidneys.The epidemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) puts higher demands on critical care medicine. Lots of studies have been conducted to solve COVID-19-related problems. Therefore, we reviewed the annual progress for COVID-19-related issues including antivirals threapies, respiratory support and immunomodulatory therapies and other critical issues, including the effect of antibiotic on mitochondrial damage and its relationship with sepsis, the goal and direction of antimicrobial de-escalation, drug prophylaxis of constipation, bleeding in gastrointestinal disorders and management of critical illness in the informalization era and so on. We hope to provide reference for clinical and scientific research work of the intensivists.Earth is home not only to humans, but also to everything, including viruses. In the current globalization of coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic, the fluctuations of novel coronavirus makes epidemic prevention and control work normal, and the initiator of the accident, 2019 novel coronavirus, will coexist with human society for a long time. How we can coexist peacefully with them in this state is worth to thinking and studying.Between 2014 and 2016, 16 Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped and yellow-orange pigmented bacteria were isolated from exposed soils from the Utsteinen region, Sør Rondane Mountains, East Antarctica. Analysis of their 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the strains form a separate cluster in the genus Spirosoma, with Spirosoma rigui KCTC 12531T as its closest neighbour (97.8 % sequence similarity). Comparative genome analysis of two representative strains (i.e. R-68523T and R-68079) of the new group with the type strains of Spirosoma rigui (its closest neighbour) and Spirosoma linguale (type species of the genus), yielded average nucleotide identity values of 73.9-78.7 %. Digital DNA-DNA reassociation values of the two strains and these type strains ranged from 20.3 to 22.0 %. The predominant cellular fatty acids of the two novel strains were summed feature 3 (i.e. C16  1  ω7c and/or iso-C15 2-OH), C16  1  ω5c, C16  0 and iso-C15  0. The new Spirosoma strains grew with 0-0.5 % (w/v) NaCl, at pH 6.5-8.0 and displayed optimum growth between 15 and 25 °C. Based on the results of phenotypic, genomic, phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic analyses, the new strains represent a novel species of the genus Spirosoma for which the name Spirosoma utsteinense sp. nov. is proposed. Navitoclax The type strain is R-68523T (=LMG 31447T=CECT 9925T).Multiple strains of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) can cause congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) by primary or secondary infection. The viral gB glycoprotein is a leading vaccine candidate, essential for infection of all cell-types, and immunodominant antibody target. Guinea pig cytomegalovirus (GPCMV) is the only small animal model for cCMV. Various gB vaccines have shown efficacy but studies have utilized truncated gB and protection against prototype strain 22122 with preferential tropism to fibroblasts despite encoding a gH-based pentamer complex for non-fibroblast infection. A highly cell-associated novel strain of GPCMV (TAMYC) with 99 % identity in gB sequence to 22122 exhibited preferred tropism to epithelial cells. An adenovirus vaccine encoding full-length gB (AdgB) was highly immunogenic and partially protected against 22122 strain challenge in vaccinated animals but not when challenged with TAMYC strain. GPCMV studies with AdgB vaccine sera on numerous cell-types demonstrated impaired neutralization (NA50) compared to fibroblasts. GPCMV-convalescent sera including pentamer complex antibodies increased virus neutralization on non-fibroblasts and anti-gB depletion from GPCMV-convalescent sera had minimal impact on epithelial cell neutralization. GPCMV(PC+) 22122-convalescent animals challenged with TAMYC exhibited higher protection compared to AdgB vaccine. Overall, results suggest that antibody response to both gB and PC are important components of a GPCMV vaccine.The 2C protein of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is reported to play a critical role in the virus replication complex and modulating the host’s immune response. However, the underlying molecular intricacies of subversion of cellular machinery remains poorly understood, thus emphasizing the need to study 2C-host interactions. In this study, we identified the host proteins interacting with the 2C using yeast-two hybrid (Y2H) approach, which is one of the most recognized, high-throughput tools to study protein-protein interactions. The FMDV-2C bait was characterized for auto-activation, toxicity, and expression and was found to be suitable for mating with cDNA library. On preliminary screening a total of 32 interacting host proteins were identified which were reduced to 22 on subsequent confirmation with alternative yeast based assays. Amongst these, NMI/2C interaction has been reported earlier by Wang et al. (2012) and remaining 21 are novel interactions. The Reactome analysis has revealed the role of the identified host proteins in cellular pathways exploited by 2C during FMDV replication. We also confirmed interaction of MARCH7, an E3 ubiquitin ligase with 2C using mammalian two-hybrid system and co-immunoprecipitation. This study leads to the identification of novel 2C interacting host proteins which enhance our understanding of 2C-host interface and may provide checkpoints for development of potential therapeutics against FMDV.

Understanding people’s perception of community resilience to disaster is important. This study explores the correlations of household livelihood assets, the adopted household disaster preparedness activities, and individuals’ assessment of community resilience.

The data was collected in 2018 by surveying a group of survivors affected by the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake in China. The CART (Community Advancing Resilience Toolkit) was used to measure individuals’ perception of community resilience, while the livelihood assets included financial, physical, natural, human, and social capitals owned by the family, and the preparedness contained 13 activities. Ordinary least squares (OLS) regression models were used to test our hypotheses.

Social capital is consistently and positively associated with the overall individuals’ perceived community resilience, while the natural, human, and financial capitals’ effects are not significant. The awareness and participation preparedness activities are positively correlated with the perceived community resilience, but the material preparedness activities are not.