Activity

In the EPM test, SM

increased the percentage of open-arm entries and the percentage of time spent in open arms. However, when SM

co-administered with flumazenil or WAY-100635, the anxiolytic effect of SM

was significantly counteracted.

From these results, we can conclude that the anxiolytic mechanism of SM

is exerted through an activation of the BZD and 5HT

receptors.

From these results, we can conclude that the anxiolytic mechanism of SMEtOH is exerted through an activation of the BZD and 5HT1A receptors.

Zhi-zi-chi decoction (ZZCD) is used for treating depression as an effectively traditional Chinese medicine. Until now, studies on pharmacological research of ZZCD have mostly been centered in pharmacokinetic level. Little was known about its pharmacological mechanism of relieving depression.

This study was to evaluate the effect of ZZCD on relieving depression via behavioral tests, serum metabolomics and signaling target expression analysis on chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) model mice.

The CUMS exposure lasted 7 consecutive weeks. The mice were administrated with ZZCD for the last 3 weeks. Behavioral tests were applied and a serum metabolomics method based on UFLC/Q-TOF-MS with multivariate statistical and global metabolic network analysis was performed to identify relevant metabolites and pathways. Finally, the protein expressions in mouse hippocampi were determined by western blot to verify the metabolomics deduction.

Behavioral parameters were visibly changed after modeling, while high anway in brain. PKA-CREB-BDNF-TrkB-PSD-95 signaling expression was a verification and complement to the metabolomics results.

This study demonstrated that ZZCD had a positive treatment effect on CUMS depression model mice. Metabolomics results revealed the holistic and interconnected metabolic changes of ZZCD in CUMS mice. The metabolic pathway annotation suggested that the anti-depression mechanism of ZZCD might be related to signaling pathway in brain. PKA-CREB-BDNF-TrkB-PSD-95 signaling expression was a verification and complement to the metabolomics results.

Crocodile oil has been used by traditional physicians around the world to treat wound healing and inflammation. However, Metabolism inhibitor and mechanism behind its use in vivo has not been fully researched.

We mainly investigated the mechanism during crocodile oil treatment of up-regulated growth factor expression and anti-inflammatory on burn wound healing in rats.

The moisture and nitric oxide (NO) levels in the skin of rats were analyzed in the first 14 days after burn and the changes of the structure of the skin tissues in the wound healing were studied by hematoxylin-eosin (H.E.) staining within 21 days after scald. The inflammatory factor on burn wound healing in rats was dected by ELISA kits and Q-PCR. the expression of a variety of growth factors (TGF-β1, VEGE-α, EGF) and PCNA in the skin tissue after burns was evaluated using immunohistochemistry. The down-regulated phosphorylation of p38 MAPK in the wound healing was confirmed by Western-blot analysis. In addition, TEM was used to obsern and maintain the appearance of repaired skin.Flame retardant chemicals (FRCs) commonly added to many consumer products present a human exposure burden associated with adverse health effects. Under pressure from consumers, FRC manufacturers have adopted some purportedly safer replacements for first-generation brominated diphenyl ethers (BDEs). #link# In contrast, second and third-generation organophosphates and other alternative chemistries have limited bioactivity data available to estimate their hazard potential. In order to evaluate the toxicity of existing and potential replacement FRCs, we need efficient screening methods. We built a 61-FRC library in which we systemically assessed developmental toxicity and potential neurotoxicity effects in the embryonic zebrafish model. Data were compared to publicly available data generated in a battery of cell-based in vitro assays from ToxCast, Tox21, and other alternative models. Of the 61 FRCs, 19 of 45 that were tested in the ToxCast assays were bioactive in our zebrafish model. The zebrafish assays detected bioactivity for 10 of the 12 previously classified developmental neurotoxic FRCs. Developmental zebrafish were sufficiently sensitive at detecting FRC structure-bioactivity impacts that we were able to build a classification model using 13 physicochemical properties and 3 embryonic zebrafish assays that achieved a balanced accuracy of 91.7%. This work illustrates the power of a multi-dimensional in vivo platform to expand our ability to predict the hazard potential of new compounds based on structural relatedness, ultimately leading to reliable toxicity predictions based on chemical structure.

The factors associated with end-of-life discussion (EOLD) are not well elucidated; an understanding of these factors may help facilitate EOLD.

To investigate the associations between EOLD and experiences of the death of and/or care for a loved one and other factors.

Data from a nationwide anonymous questionnaire survey of public attitudes toward end-of-life medical care, conducted in December 2017 in Japan, were used. Participants were randomly selected from the general population (age≥20years), and respondents who completed the questionnaire were analyzed (respondents n=836; effective response rate 13.9%). Respondents were divided into two groups based on their experience of EOLD those who had engaged in EOLD and those who had not. The main predictors were the experiences of the death of and care for a loved one. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed.

Of the 836 respondents (male 55.6%, aged 65 and over 43.5%), 43.7% reported their engagement in EOLD. In the analyses, “having experience of caring for a loved one” was associated with EOLD compared with never having experience (odds ratio 1.88, 95% confidence interval 1.35-2.64). However, having experience of the death of a loved one had no association.

For health-care providers, it may be worth recognizing that the care experience of their patient’s caregiver might affect the caregiver’s own EOLD in the future.

For health-care providers, it may be worth recognizing that the care experience of their patient’s caregiver might affect the caregiver’s own EOLD in the future.