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Professional football players experienced an immediately post-match drop on the eccentric knee flexor strength, and significant strength deficits persisted for a 48-h period. Some players were not recovered at 72h after the match.

Professional football players experienced an immediately post-match drop on the eccentric knee flexor strength, and significant strength deficits persisted for a 48-h period. Some players were not recovered at 72 h after the match.Microcystis blooms and the impact of their toxins, particularly microcystin (MC), in coastal ecosystems is an emerging threat, but the species-specific effects of MC and the potential for bioconcentration are not fully understood. We exposed the brackish water flea, Diaphanosoma celebensis, to MC-LR, which showed antioxidant responses measured at the molecular to enzyme levels but no acute toxicity. We extended our experimental investigation to measure the released MC and its uptake by D. celebensis exposed to river water. In a short-term exposure (48 h) experiment, D. celebensis exposed to water from an algal bloom (approximately 2 μg L-1 MC) assimilated more than 50 pg MC per individual. The significant increase of MCs suggests the potential for the species to accumulate MCs. The dose-dependent increase in the antioxidant response observed in the mRNA levels also showed that D. celebensis exposed to diluted algal bloom waters were affected by toxins from cyanobacteria.

Management of incidental findings (IF) remains controversial but highly relevant. Our aim was to assess the frequency, management and psychosocial consequences of IF reporting in a population-based cohort study undergoing whole-body MR imaging.

The study was nested in a prospective cohort from a longitudinal, population-based cohort (KORA-FF4) in southern Germany. All MR obtained on 3 T MR scanner were reviewed by board-certified radiologists regarding clinically relevant IF. A baseline and follow-up questionnaires including PHQ-9 were completed prior to and 6-month after to the scan.

Of 400 participants (56.3 ± 9.2years, 58 % male) undergoing whole-body MR, IF were found in 22 % of participants (n = 89); most frequently located in the abdominal sequences. In the pre-scan survey, most participants stated as the motivation that they wanted to “contribute to a scientific purpose” (91 %), while “knowing whether I’m healthy” was the most frequent motivation reported 6 months post-scan (88 %). The desire for IF reporting increased over time (pre- vs. 6-months-post-scan), also for clinically less important IF (72 % vs. 84 %, p = 0.001). Regarding psychosocial impact, a small portion (3.4 %) reported that awaiting the IF report added “definitely” or “very probably” additional stress burden. Of participants with reported IF, 56.8 % classified the results as “very helpful”. In the post-scan survey moderate depression was observed in 3.3 % and severe depression in 1.2 %. This did not differ between participants with and without reported IF.

In a cohort with whole-body MR imaging, the prevalence of IF was high. Participants considered reporting of IF highly important and added only minor psychological burden.

In a cohort with whole-body MR imaging, the prevalence of IF was high. Participants considered reporting of IF highly important and added only minor psychological burden.In animal models with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), the status epilepticus (SE) leads to a dramatic increase in number of newly born neuron in the subgranular zone (SGZ) of dentate gyrus. How the SE confers a modulation in the dentate neurogenesis is mostly unknown. Gadd45b is involved in epigenetic gene activation by DNA demethylation. This study was performed to present a novel mechanism underling SE-induced dentate neurogenesis. A transient induction (12 hrs to 3 days) of Gadd45b was observed in dentate gyrus of mice after pilocarpine-induced SE. Labeling the dividing cells with BrdU, we next found that the induction of Gadd45b was required to increase the rate of cell proliferation in the dentate gyrus at 7 and 14 days after SE. Afterward, the DNA methylation levels for candidate growth factor genes critical for the adult neurogenesis were assayed with Sequenom MassARRAY Analyzer. The results indicated that Gadd45b was necessary for SE-induced DNA demethylation of specific promoters and expression of corresponding genes in the dentate gyrus, including brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2). this website Using Timm staining, we further suggested that SE-induced Gadd45b might contribute to the subsequent mossy fiber sprouting (MFS) in the chronically epileptic hippocampus via epigenetic regulation of dentate neurogenesis at early stage after SE. Together, Gadd45b links pilocarpine-induced SE to epigenetic DNA modification of secreted factors in the dentate gyrus, leading to extrinsic modulation on the neurogenesis.

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD), is a rare autoimmune inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. Since the countries of Latin America (LATAM) show contrast in geographic, social, environmental factors, and genetic heterogeneity, the information about NMOSD epidemiology in the region allows a better understanding of the disease and its clinical outcome.

To determine the prevalence, relative frequency (RF), and clinical characteristics of NMOSD in a multiethnic Venezuelan cohort of patients with demyelinating disorders.

We conducted a retrospective descriptive multicenter study of hospital case records of individuals with an established diagnosis of MS and NMOSD in the National Program for Multiple sclerosis (MS) from 2011 to 2018. We selected those NMOSD cases based on the 2006 Wingerchuck and the 2015 International panel for the diagnosis of Neuromyelitis optica (IPND) criteria.

We identified 249 patients with NMOSD. The prevalence was 2.11 per100,000 individuals (95% confidenLATAM studies are required to identify the distribution and variations of its epidemiological picture.

NMOSD in Venezuela affects mainly young Mestizo women and shows one of the highest relative frequency in the region. Planning and developing healthcare programs for underserved populations as well as more comprehensive LATAM studies are required to identify the distribution and variations of its epidemiological picture.