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ognosis factors for postoperative pneumonia, while LMR≤4.2 as one of independent prognosis factors for overall survival.Objectives To examine the prognosis factors of recurrence of esophageal carcinoma within 6 months after neoadjuvant therapy followd by surgery. Methods The clinical data of 187 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma who underwent neoadjuvant therapy followed by curative esophagectomy between January 2018 and April 2020 at Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital were analyzed retrospectively. There were 160 males and 27 females, aging (63.0±7.1) years (range43 to 76 years). The t test, χ2 test and rank-sum test were used for univariate analysis of the prognosis factors for recurrence within 6 months postoperative, while the Logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis. Results There were 30 patients (16.0%) developed recurrence within 6 months after operation, including local recurrence in 1 case, regional recurrence in 11 cases, hematogenous recurrence in 13 cases, and combined recurrence in 5 cases. Univariate analysis suggested that there was a significant difference in T staging of tumor before neoadjuvant therapy (cT), tumor regression grade, circumferential resection margin, pathological T stage (ypT) and pathological N stage (ypN) between the recurrence patients and non-recurrence patients (all P less then 0.05). Logistic regression analysis suggested that the cT3-4 (OR=2.701, 95%CI 1.161 to 6.329, P=0.021) and ypN(+)(OR=1.654, 95%CI 1.045 to 2.591, P=0.032) were the independent prognosis factors for recurrence within 6 months. Conclusion The combination of neoadjuvant therapy and surgery is not effective in reducing early postoperative recurrence in patients who have invaded the epineurium before treatment, and still have positive lymph nodes after neoadjuvant therapy.Associated with improvement in survival, the neoadjuvant therapy had become the mainstay of therapy for patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer. Auranofin supplier Despite a significantly better survival, the recurrence risk after neoadjuvant therapy remains considerably high, with recurrence rate of>40%. Thus, it’s important to gain a thorough understanding of the recurrence patterns for developing effective tertiary prevention and follow-up strategies. The aim of this review was to compare the patterns of recurrence in patients with esophageal cancer who received preoperative therapy followed by surgery or surgery alone. It is found that the most frequent recurrence pattern was distant metastasis in esophageal cancer regardless receipt of neoadjuvant therapy or not, and the major effect of neoadjuvant therapy appears to be an improvement in local regional disease control without a reduction in systemic. This frustrating fact may explain the poor survival of esophageal cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant therapy.The efficacy of surgery alone for locally advanced esophageal cancer is poor, which requires the active participation of multimodality treatment. Neoadjuvant therapy, especially neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, could significantly lead to tumor downstage, bring higher radical resection rate and improve the prognosis. The NEOCRTEC5010 trial, a multicenter prospective randomized controlled trial on neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma has provided sufficient and valuable evidence for us, especially for some key questions after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, such as perioperative complications, value of systemic lymphadenectomy, the post-operation recurrence pattern, pathological complete response, long-term prognosis and survival. In addition, the current development of tumor immunotherapy is so rapid that the role of immunotherapy in the first line treatment of advanced or relapsed/metastatic esophageal cancer has been confirmed. In the near future, neoadjuvant therapy based on immunnology-led combined with traditional chemoradiotherapy or chemotherapy is expected to become a new theraputic strategy to further improve the treatment efficacy of locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. This paper focused on the classical research of neoadjuvant therapy for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and the development of immunotherapy for esophageal cancer, aiming to improve the understanding of neoadjuvant therapy for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. This will help to carry out optimal clinical work and to design better clinical study.Vascular complications after liver transplantation are important causes of liver dysfunction and graft loss.The incidence rate range is from 5% to 25%,and the mortality rate is high.The complex and changeable vascular conditions of the donor and recipient,anastomosis techniques,infection,and acute and chronic rejection after transplantation can all cause vascular complications of liver transplantation.The types of vascular complications are diverse and complex.According to the vascular structure,they can be divided into arterial and venous complications; according to the characteristics of blood flow,they can be divided into inflow tract (hepatic artery,portal vein) or outflow tract (hepatic vein,vena cava) disorders; according to the nature of the lesion,they can be divided into rupture,stenosis,thrombosis and pseudoaneurysm,etc; according to the time of occurrence,they can be divided into early or late.Surgical plan design and surgical operation techniques are the technical factors of early vascular complications after liver transplantation.The types of vascular complications and their accompanying clinical manifestations are closely related to the choice of diagnosis and treatment strategies and clinical outcomes.Therefore,the Perioperative Management Group of Chinese Society of Organ Transplantation of Chinese Medical Association formulated the Expert Consensus on Diagnosis and Treatment of Perioperative Vascular Complications of Liver Transplantation,aiming to standardize and optimize the clinical diagnosis and treatment of common perioperative vascular complications in liver transplant recipients.