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Glyphosate is a very effective herbicide and the main active ingredient in Roundup®-the most extensively used herbicide in the world. Since glyphosate is highly water soluble it reaches water bodies easily in surface water runoff. This prompted us to undertake an experiment to evaluate the effects of glyphosate in Roundup® on natural communities of marine microphytobenthos. Microphytobenthos communities were obtained from the environment, and after transporting them to the laboratory and acclimatizing them, they were tested under controlled conditions. Changes in microphytobenthos composition and structure and the deteriorating condition of the cells of community-forming organisms (assessed by analyzing changes in chloroplast shape) were used to assess the impact of Roundup® on endpoints. MPI-0479605 concentration The tests indicated that microphytobenthic communities were relatively resistant to herbicide. The species richness of the communities probably enabled them to rebuild effectively. Sensitive species were replaced by those more tolerant of glyphosate. Only at the highest glyphosate concentration (8.5 g·dm-3) tested was a strong negative effect noted that limited community abundance and eliminated some of the organisms. The dominant diatoms in the communities were replaced by intensively developing cyanobacteria, which ultimately comprised nearly 60% of all the cells observed in the communities.The construction industry is recognized as a high-risk industry given that safety accidents and personnel injuries frequently occur. This study provided a systematic and quantitative review of existing research achievements by conducting social network approach to identify current states and future trends for the occupational safety of construction personnel. A total of 250 peer-reviewed articles were collected to examine the research on safety issues of workers in construction industry. Social network approach was applied to analyze the interrelationship among authors, keywords, and citations of these articles using VOS viewer and CitNetExplorer. A knowledge structure map was drawn using main path analysis (MPA) towards the collected papers, which was implemented by Pajek. In line with the findings of social network analysis, five research groups, and six keyword themes were identified in accordance with the times of cooperation of researchers and correlation among keywords of the papers. Core papers were identified by using main path analysis for each research domain to represent the key process and backbone for the corresponding area. Based on the finding of the research, significant implications and insights in terms of current research status and further research trends were provided for the scholars, thus helping generate a targeted development plan for occupational safety in construction industry.Post-operative endophthalmitis caused by Enterococcus spp. progresses rapidly and often results in substantial and irreversible vision loss. Therefore, novel alternative treatments that are effective against enterococcal endophthalmitis are required. Bacteriophage therapy has the potential to be an optional therapy for infectious diseases. Therefore, we investigated the therapeutic potential of three newly isolated enterococcal phages, phiEF7H, phiEF14H1, and phiEF19G, in E. faecalis-induced endophthalmitis. These phages could lyse the broad-range E. faecalis, including strains derived from endophthalmitis and vancomycin-resistant E. faecalis in vitro, as determined by the streak test. Morphological and genomic analyses revealed that these phages were classified into the Herelleviridae genus Kochikohdavirus. The whole genomes of these phages contained 143,399, 143,280, and 143,400 bp, respectively. Endophthalmitis was induced in mice by injection of three strains of E. faecalis derived from post-operative endophthalmitis or vancomycin-resistant strains into the vitreous body. The number of viable bacteria and infiltration of neutrophils in the eye were both decreased by intravitreous injection of phiEF7H, phiEF14H1, and phiEF19G 6 h after injection of all E. faecalis strains. Thus, these results suggest that these newly isolated phages may serve as promising candidates for phage therapy against endophthalmitis.In chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, it would be desirable to reduce the intake of inorganic phosphate (P) rather than limit the intake of P contained in proteins. Urinary excretion of P should reflect intestinal absorption of P(inorganic plus protein-derived). The aim of the present study is to determine whether the ratio of urinary P to urinary urea nitrogen (P/UUN ratio) helps identify patients with a high intake of inorganic P.A cross-sectional study was performed in 71 patients affected by metabolic syndrome with CKD (stages 2-3) with normal serum P concentration. A 3-day dietary survey was performed to estimate the average daily amount and the source of P ingested. The daily intake ofPwas1086.5 ± 361.3mg/day; 64% contained in animal proteins, 22% in vegetable proteins, and 14% as inorganic P. The total amount of P ingested did not correlate with daily phosphaturia, but it did correlate with the P/UUN ratio (p 71.1 mg/g presented more abundant inorganic P intake (p less then 0.038).The P/UUN ratio is suggested to be a marker of inorganic P intake. This finding might be useful in clinical practices to identify the source of dietary P and to make personalized dietary recommendations directed to reduce inorganic P intake.This work aimed to carry out an optimal investigation of the design and operation of a large capacity reverse osmosis (RO) desalination plant powered by wind energy. Different scenarios involving two design options, such as using storage tanks or batteries, and operation options, such as using variable or fixed feed pressure, were analyzed and optimized. In addition, another operation option, of using a fixed number of RO vessels or a varying number of active RO vessels, was also considered. It was found that an optimized plant using storage tanks can provide a less expensive water cost and a less complicated plant structure. Moreover, the use of a variable feed pressure can help in attenuating the disturbances incurred in the form of wind intermittency. Conversely, the use of fixed feed pressure and constantly supplied power per vessel can run the RO units smoothly, leading to a predictable production rate. However, this requires operating the plant on different active sets of vessels each hour, which mandates additional automatic control systems.