Activity

Moreover, pigs supplemented with 0.5% serine had the highest selenoprotein P concentration and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) activities in the skeletal muscle, which were significantly higher than those in the control pigs. Additionally, pigs supplemented with 0.25% serine had the highest GPx and TrxR activities in the liver, which were significantly higher than those in the control pigs. In conclusion, dietary serine supplementation could improve selenoprotein transcription and selenoenzyme activity in pigs, with the appropriate concentrations of serine to be included in the diet being 0.25% or 0.5%.BACKGROUND Intraoperative frozen section (IFS) is routinely utilized by many surgeons during pancreaticoduodenectomy. However, its utility has not been rigorously studied. METHODS Patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy between 2006 and 2015 were identified from institutional data. Measures of diagnostic accuracy of frozen section and multivariate logistic regression are reported. RESULTS The cohort included 1076 patients. Of resected specimens, 73.3% were malignant. IFS and final pathologic review (the gold standard) were discrepant for (1) pathologic diagnosis or (2) resection margin status in 5.3% and 3.3% of cases. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of IFS for histologic determination of malignancy were 97.2%, 95.3%, and 96.7% respectively. For resection margins, they were 92.3%, 99.3%, and 96.8%, respectively. Positive bile duct and neck margins were revised intraoperatively 62% and 65% of the time, respectively; positive uncinate margins were never resected but led surgeons to avoid revision of a second positive margin in 13% of cases (4.2% of all PDA). Operative changes were rarely noted in the presence of benign disease (n = 11, 1.0%); conversion to total pancreatectomy based on positive margins was performed in just 13 cases (1.2%). read more Upon multivariable analysis, a positive neck margin proved to be the greatest predictor for a revised resection margin (AOR 16.9 [4.8-59.8]), whereas a positive uncinate margin or a diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis was protective against IFS-driven operative changes (AOR 0.25 [0.09-0.73]; AOR 0.16 [0.13-0.19]). CONCLUSIONS IFS is highly accurate and guides reresection of margins. However, selective omission of IFS may be justified for cases where benign disease is suspected.BACKGROUND Workplace stress and unemployment are each associated with disturbances in sleep. However, a substantial gap exists in what we know about the type of workplace stress preceding job loss and the lasting effect workplace stressors may have on long-term health outcomes. We hypothesized that a specific type of workplace stress, hindrance stress, would be a stronger predictor of current insomnia disorder, compared to challenge stress. METHOD Cross-sectional data were analyzed from 191 recently unemployed individuals participating in the ongoing Assessing Daily Patterns through occupational Transitions (ADAPT) study. Participants were administered the Cavanaugh et al. (J Appl Psychol. 85(1)65, 2000) self-reported work stress scale regarding their previous job and the Duke Sleep Interview (DSI-SD), a semi-structured interview assessing ICSD-3 insomnia disorder (chronic and acute). RESULTS Results from logistic regression analyses indicated that hindrance work stress was associated with an increased likelihood of current overall, chronic, and acute insomnia disorder, when controlling for challenge stress and significant demographic factors. Challenge stress was associated with an increased likelihood of chronic insomnia disorder when controlling for hindrance stress and covariates. The association between challenge stress and acute insomnia differed as a function of sex. CONCLUSION Hindrance work stressors were associated with increased odds of current insomnia disorder, even after employment ended. Across each of the tested models, hindrance stress had stronger effects on insomnia than challenge stress. These findings support and extend both the challenge-hindrance framework of work-related stress and the 3 P model of insomnia.INTRODUCTION The incorporation of molecular genetic testing into cystic fibrosis (CF) screening programs increases the specificity of the diagnostic strategy and has the potential to decrease the rate of false- positive results. In this sense, our objective was to develop a genotyping assay that could detect 25 pathogenic variants in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene with high sensitivity and that could be incorporated into the routine of newborn screening, complementing the current existing protocol used in our public health institution. METHODS A mini-sequencing assay was standardized using single-base extension in a previously genotyped control sample. This strategy was validated in a Brazilian cohort of CF patients by Sanger sequencing. RESULTS The inclusion of the 25 variants in the current newborn screening program increased the identification rates of two alleles from 33 to 52.43% in CF patients. This new approach was able to detect a total of 37 variants, which represents 93.01% of all mutated alleles described in the last CF Brazilian Register. CONCLUSIONS Mini-sequencing for the simultaneous detection of 25 CFTR gene variants improves the screening of Brazilian newborns and decreases the number of inconclusive cases. This method uses minimal hands-on time and is suited for rapid screening, which reduces sample processing costs.Although the relationship between problem gambling and criminal behavior has been widely researched, concerns over the causal nature of this association remain. Some argue that problem gambling does not lead to crime; instead, the same background characteristics that predict problem gambling also predict criminal behavior. Yet, studies suggestive of a spurious association often rely on small, non-random, and cross-sectional samples; thus, the extent to which the findings are generalizable to the broader population is unknown. With this in mind, the present study uses data from The National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health and a series of propensity score weighting and matching techniques to examine the role of confounding bias in the relationship between problem gambling and criminal behavior in young adulthood. On the surface, results show a positive and significant relationship between problem gambling and a range of criminal behaviors. However, after statistically balancing differences in several background measures between problem gamblers and non-problem gamblers, such as low self-control, past substance use, and juvenile delinquency, we find no significant relationship between problem gambling and crime.