Activity

Paucity of data from India on care of children with Type 1 diabetes in schools. Aims To study assess the knowledge, attitude, practices and fear of Type 1 diabetes in school teachers and to assess the impact of an educational model on the fear of teachers and care of children in Type 1 DM at school hours.

A community based study, involving school teachers and the intervention being educating them about diabetes conducted. Data pertaining to basic demography, attitude of teachers towards diabetic children, Hypoglycemia fear factor survey- parent version with worries domain and preparedness of school was collected. An education program was conducted on diabetes care in children. Immediately and after three months, the proforma details and HFSP-W scores reassessed.

Forty two teachers (mean age 38.7±5.4; MF ratio 240) participated in the study. Post intervention, a higher willingness to have the diabetic child in class (100 vs. 57.1%; p>0.05), better support in daily care (100 vs. 92%; p>0.05), participation in sports activities (100 vs. 7.1%; p<0.05) observed. HFSP-W scores were 38.8±4.5 (pre-intervention), 22.5±4.3 (immediate post intervention) and 29.5±3.2 (at 3months) (p<0.05). PDD00017273 in vivo To study the determinants of improvement in HFSP-W a regression analysis was performed presence of glucometer the most likely determining factor (T=1.999, p=0.05).

There is a significant element of fear in the minds of teachers towards hypoglycemia which improves with a structured education program.

There is a significant element of fear in the minds of teachers towards hypoglycemia which improves with a structured education program.We aimed to collect data on all paediatric patients who were diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) between the years 2000 and 2019 in Serbia and estimate for the first time its prevalence. Also, the trends of diabetes ketoacidosis (DKA) occurrence at the time of diagnosis are monitored. We collected and retrospectively analysed the data of patients less then 19 years with newly diagnosed T1DM. T1DM was diagnosed in 3134 patients (53.2% male). Total number of youth less then 19 years with T1DM was 1735 with prevalence of 135.25/100000 at the end of study period. T1DM was diagnosed most frequently between the ages of 5 and 11 years (42.1%). At the time of diagnosis, 35.7% presented in DKA. The incidence and severity of DKA were more significant at the youngest age (p less then 0.001). There were significant annual percentage increase (2.2%) in the number of new cases of DKA (p=0.007). Conclusion This first report of nationwide prevalence of T1DM in youth shows that Serbia is among countries with high prevalence of T1DM in youth. System changes are needed in order to provide better quality of health care to these patients.

To investigate the optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and specular microscopy (SM) findings in obese children and compare them with healthy ones.

In this prospective study, 50 eyes of 25 obese children [body mass index (BMI)≥95th percentile], 36 eyes of 18 control age- and sex- matched healthy subjects (BMI <85th percentile) were included. Demographic features and ophthalmological examination including OCTA measurements as well as SM findings were assessed. Cellular morphology was observed by noncontact SM and results for corneal endothelial cell density (cells/mm

), coefficient of variation of cell size and percentage of hexagonal cells were obtained. The OCTA was performed with 6 × 6mm sections for macula and 4.5 × 4.5mm sections for optic disc in all eyes. Foveal retinal thickness (FRT), retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, vessel density in different sections of retina and optic nerve head were analyzed.

All SM parameters, RNFL thickness for average, and all quadrants and optic disc radial peripapillary capillary densities were similar between groups. However, FRT, flow area for choriocapillaris, superficial and deep foveal capillary densities were significantly higher in obese group when compared to controls (242.4±18.2µm vs. 232.1±16.5µm, p=0.024, 2.2±0.1mm

vs, 2.2±0.0mm

, p=0.042, 22.4±6.9% vs. 15.6±5.5%, p=0.001, and 38.9±7.5% vs. 31.1±8.6 %, p=0.001, respectively).

Obese children seem to have higher values of FRT, flow area for choriocapillaris, superficial and deep foveal capillary densities. These results may have significant implications for understanding of how childhood obesity could affect retinal microvasculature.

Obese children seem to have higher values of FRT, flow area for choriocapillaris, superficial and deep foveal capillary densities. These results may have significant implications for understanding of how childhood obesity could affect retinal microvasculature.

The prevalence of general overweight and obesity defined by body mass index criteria has greatly increased in Chinese children and adolescents in recent decades. However, few studies have considered the trend in abdominal obesity in Chinese children and adolescents. This study aimed to examine the secular trends in waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and the prevalence of abdominal obesity among Chinese children and adolescents aged 6-17years from 1993 to 2015.

A total of 11,985 children and adolescents aged 6-17years participated in the China Health and Nutrition Survey, a continuous cross-sectional survey, conducted from 1993 to 2015. Abdominal obesity was defined as WC≥age- and sex-specific 90th percentile based on the reference from Chinese children and adolescents or WHtR≥0.50.

After adjustment for age, sex and region, mean WC increased from 60.27cm in 1993 to 64.31cm in 2015 (p for trend <0.001), and mean WHtR increased from 0.430 to 0.434 (p for trend <0.05). The prevalence of abdominal obesity defined by WC reference increased from 5.0% in 1993 to 19.3% in 2015 and defined by WHtR reference increased from 6.4% in 1993 to 14.5% in 2015 (p for trend <0.001).

The prevalence of abdominal obesity among Chinese children and adolescents aged 6-17 years has increased between 1993 and 2015.

The prevalence of abdominal obesity among Chinese children and adolescents aged 6-17 years has increased between 1993 and 2015.