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Segmental gastrectomy, a type of function-preserving surgery, is not broadly studied but can improve postoperative function and quality of life among patients with gastric cancer (GC).

To establish an indication for middle segmental gastrectomy (MSG) as a treatment for middle-body (MB) and high-body (HB) GC.

This cohort study analyzed patients with GC undergoing surgery between January 2000 and December 2015 in the National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea, a high-volume cancer center with a structured database and accurate long-term follow-up. Inclusion criteria were age 18 to 85 year, histologically proven adenocarcinoma located in the HB or MB, cT1 to cT3 category cancers, curative resection with negative margins performed, and follow-up for at least 3 years. Exclusion criteria were Borrmann type 4 GC, T4 category cancer, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and a history of other cancers. Data analysis was performed from December 2018 to May 2020.

Total or subtotal gastrectomy and LN dissection.

The primary oumetastasis compared with tumors 4.1 cm or larger (odds ratio, 2.10; 95% CI, 1.20-3.67; P = .009), and well-differentiated tumors were associated with lower risk of LN metastasis compared with poorly differentiated tumors (odds ratio, 2.88; 95% CI, 1.45-5.73; P = .002).

These findings suggest that MSG with dissection of stations 1, 3, 4sb, 4d, 7, 8a, 9, 11p, and 12a could be done for HB and MB cT1N0/1M0 gastric cancers 4 cm or smaller and well-differentiated cT2N0/1M0 cancers.

These findings suggest that MSG with dissection of stations 1, 3, 4sb, 4d, 7, 8a, 9, 11p, and 12a could be done for HB and MB cT1N0/1M0 gastric cancers 4 cm or smaller and well-differentiated cT2N0/1M0 cancers.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic may exacerbate existing racial/ethnic inequities in preterm birth.

To assess whether racial/ethnic disparities in very preterm birth (VPTB) and preterm birth (PTB) increased during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in New York City.

This cross-sectional study included 8026 Black, Latina, and White women who gave birth during the study period. A difference-in-differences (DID) analysis of Black vs White disparities in VPTB or PTB in a pandemic cohort was compared with a prepandemic cohort by using electronic medical records obtained from 2 hospitals in New York City.

Women who delivered from March 28 to July 31, 2020, were considered the pandemic cohort, and women who delivered from March 28 to July 31, 2019, were considered the prepandemic cohort. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction tests for the presence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) were performed using samples obtained via nasopharyngeal swab at theested positive or tested negative for SARS-CoV-2.

Decreasing use of low-value care is a major goal for Medicare given the potential to decrease costs and harms. Compared with traditional fee-for-service Medicare (TM), Medicare Advantage (MA) is more strongly financially incentivized to decrease use of low-value care.

To compare use of low-value care among individuals enrolled in TM and those enrolled in MA overall and to examine trends in use of low-value care in both programs from 2006 to 2015.

This cross-sectional study analyzed individuals enrolled in TM and MA using data from the 2006 to 2015 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey. To account for differences in characteristics between individuals enrolled in TM and those enrolled in MA, a propensity score-based approach was used. Data were analyzed from August 2020 through January 2021.

Being enrolled in MA or TM.

Binary measures of use were collected for 13 low-value services in 4 categories (ie, [1] cancer screening cervical, colorectal, and prostate cancer screening in older adults; [2] antibiotice care compared with TM.

This cross-sectional study found that use of low-value care was similarly prevalent in MA and TM, suggesting that MA enrollment was not associated with decreased provision of low-value care compared with TM.

Cervical cancer is highly preventable but remains a common and deadly cancer in areas without screening programs. The creation of a diagnostic system to digitize Papanicolaou test samples and analyze them using a cloud-based deep learning system (DLS) may provide needed cervical cancer screening to resource-limited areas.

To determine whether artificial intelligence-supported digital microscopy diagnostics can be implemented in a resource-limited setting and used for analysis of Papanicolaou tests.

In this diagnostic study, cervical smears from 740 HIV-positive women aged between 18 and 64 years were collected between September 1, 2018, and September 30, 2019. The smears were digitized with a portable slide scanner, uploaded to a cloud server using mobile networks, and used to train and validate a DLS for the detection of atypical cervical cells. This single-center study was conducted at a local health care center in rural Kenya.

Detection of squamous cell atypia in the digital samples by analysis with the assessment of glass slides (κ = 0.36). No samples that were classified as high grade by manual sample analysis had false-negative assessments by the DLS.

In this study, digital microscopy with artificial intelligence was implemented at a rural clinic and used to detect atypical cervical smears with a high sensitivity compared with visual sample analysis.

In this study, digital microscopy with artificial intelligence was implemented at a rural clinic and used to detect atypical cervical smears with a high sensitivity compared with visual sample analysis.The phytohormone auxin plays a pivotal role in floral meristem initiation and gynoecium development, but whether and how auxin controls floral organ identity remain largely unknown. Here, we found that auxin levels influence organ specification, and changes in auxin levels influence homeotic transformation between petals and stamens in rose (Rosa hybrida). The PIN-FORMED-LIKES (PILS) gene RhPILS1 governs auxin levels in floral buds during floral organogenesis. RhAUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR 18 (RhARF18), whose expression decreases with increasing auxin content, encodes a transcriptional repressor of the C-class gene RhAGAMOUS (RhAG) and controls stamen-petal organ specification in an auxin-dependent manner. Moreover, RhARF18 physically interacts with the histone deacetylase (HDA) RhHDA6. PDGFR inhibitor Silencing of RhHDA6 increases H3K9/K14 acetylation levels at the site adjacent to the RhARF18-binding site in the RhAG promoter and reduces petal number, indicating that RhARF18 might recruit RhHDA6 to the RhAG promoter to reinforce the repression of RhAG transcription.