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performances or even earlier, after being genotyped using a reference population of CB animals.Behavioral changes caused by domestication in animals are an important issue in evolutionary biology. The silkworm, Bombyx mori, is an ideal fully domesticated insect model for studying both convergent domestication and behavior evolution. We explored the genetic basis of climbing for foraging and mimicry, two degraded behaviors during silkworm domestication, in combination of bulked segregant analysis (BSA) and selection sweep screening. One candidate gene, ASNA1, located in the 3-5 Mb on chromosome 19, harboring a specific non-synonymous mutation in domestic silkworm, might be involved in climbing ability. This mutation was under positive selection in Lepidoptera, strongly suggesting its potential function in silkworm domestication. Nine candidate domesticated genes related to mimicry were identified on chromosomes 13, 21, and 27. Most of the candidate domesticated genes were generally expressed at higher levels in the brain of the wild silkworm. This study provides valuable information for deciphering the molecular basis of behavioral changes associated with silkworm domestication.Many bacteria belonging to Paenibacillus polymyxa are plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) with the potential to promote plant growth and suppress phytopathogens and have been used as biological control agents (BCAs). However, the growth promotion and biocontrol mechanisms of P. polymyxa have not been thoroughly elucidated thus far. In this investigation, the genome sequences of two P. polymyxa strains, ZF129 and ZF197, with broad anti-pathogen activities and potential for growth promotion were comparatively studied. Comparative and functional analyses of the two sequenced P. polymyxa genomes showed that the ZF129 genome consists of one 5,703,931 bp circular chromosome and two 79,020 bp and 37,602 bp plasmids, designated pAP1 and pAP2, respectively. The complete genome sequence of ZF197 consists of one 5,507,169 bp circular chromosome and one 32,065 bp plasmid, designated pAP197. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that ZF129 is highly similar to two P. polymyxa strains, HY96-2 and SQR-21, while ZF197 is highly similar to P. polymyxa strain J. The genes responsible for secondary metabolite synthesis, plant growth-promoting traits, and systemic resistance inducer production were compared between strains ZF129 and ZF197 as well as other P. polymyxa strains. The results indicated that the variation of the corresponding genes or gene clusters between strains ZF129 and ZF197 may lead to different antagonistic activities of their volatiles or cell-free supernatants against Fusarium oxysporum. This work indicates that plant growth promotion by P. polymyxa is largely mediated by phytohormone production, increased nutrient availability and biocontrol mechanisms. This study provides an in-depth understanding of the genome architecture of P. polymyxa, revealing great potential for the application of this bacterium in the fields of agriculture and horticulture as a PGPR.This study was conducted to explore the potential genes and proteins associated with esophagus benign hyperplasia induced by esophageal stents. Five patients with esophageal cancer subjected to esophageal stent placement were enrolled in this study. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) sequencing and tandem mass tag quantitative proteomics analysis were performed by using the collected hyperplastic samples and adjacent non-hyperplastic tissues. Differentially expressed (DE) RNAs and proteins were analyzed, followed by functional enrichment analysis, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis, and competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network construction. Venn analysis was performed to extract the overlaps between DE mRNAs and DE proteins and the expression correlations between DE mRNA and proteins were analyzed. Results showed that total 642 DE RNAs (457 mRNA and 185 lncRNAs) and 256 DE proteins were detected. DE mRNAs (such as MAOB, SDR16C5, and FOSL1) were enriched in oxidation-reduction process-associated functions. PPI network was comprised of 175 nodes and 425 edges. VEGFA was a significant node with the highest degree. LncRNA-mRNA network with three subnetworks (C1, C2, C3) was constructed for lncRNAs with more than 15 gene targets. RP11-58O9.2 was a significant lncRNA with the most target genes and RP11-667F14.1 regulated more than 20 targets. FOSL1 was a common target of the two lncRNAs. Function analysis showed that DE lncRNAs were involved in the HTLV-I infection (RP11-58O9.2 and RP11-667F14.1) and IL-17 signaling pathways (RP11-5O24.1 and RP11-58O9.2). Total 11 DE mRNAs were overlapped with DE proteins, among which MAOB and SDR16C5 showed positive correlations between mRNA and protein expression. Function analysis showed that MAOB was enriched in oxidation-reduction process and its protein was closely related with response to lipopolysaccharide. GSK1904529A molecular weight VEGFA, FOSL1, MAOB, SDR16C5, RP11-58O9.2, RP11-667F14.1, and RP11-288A5.2 may be served as genetic targets for preventing stent restenosis in esophageal cancer.Isolation of phloem-specific promoters is one of the basic conditions for improving the fiber development and resistance of ramie phloem using genetic engineering. In this study, we isolated a ramie endogenous promoter (named P PSP1 -BnPSP-1) and analyzed the function of its truncated fragments in Arabidopsis. The results show that P PSP1 -BnPSP-1 can drive the GUS reporter gene to be specifically expressed in the veins of Arabidopsis. After hormone and simulated drought treatment of the independent Arabidopsis lines carrying P PSP1 -BnPSP-1 and its truncated fragments, only P PSP1-5-BnPSP-1 (-600 to -1 bp region of P PSP1 -BnPSP-1) is stably expressed and exhibits phloem specificity. Our findings suggest that P PSP1-5-BnPSP-1 can be used as a phloem specific promoter for further research.Ketosis is a common metabolic disease in dairy cows during early lactation. However, information about the metabolomic and proteomic profiles associated with the incidence and progression of ketosis is still limited. In this study, an integrated metabolomics and proteomics approach was performed on blood serum sampled from cows diagnosed with clinical ketosis (case, ≥ 2.60 mmol/L plasma β-hydroxybutyrate; BHBA) and healthy controls (control, less then 1.0 mmol/L BHBA). Samples were taken 2 weeks before parturition and 2 weeks after parturition from 19 animals (nine cases, 10 controls). All serum samples (n = 38) were subjected to Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) based metabolomic analysis, and 20 samples underwent Data-Independent Acquisition (DIA) LC-MS based proteomic analysis. A total of 97 metabolites and 540 proteins were successfully identified, and multivariate analysis revealed significant differences in both metabolomic and proteomic profiles between cases and controls. We investigated clinical ketosis-associated metabolomic and proteomic changes using statistical analyses.