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Two kinds of electrode materials were produced to fabricate asymmetric supercapacitor devices (i) Highly defective, n-type wide bandgap semiconductor ZnO nanocrystalline electrodes below 50 nm were synthesized with the aid of the high energy ball milling technique. (ii) Flexible 3D-graphene foams were synthesized via the chemical vapor deposition technique. Extensive defect structure analysis was performed via enhanced characterization techniques mainly the spectroscopy ones electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), Raman, and photoluminescence (PL). Compared to bulk ZnO electrodes the nanoscale ZnO electrodes revealed a dramatic increase of defect concentration. The surface defect plays a crucial role in the electrochemical performance of supercapacitor devices. Strong decreases in charge transfer resistance were observed for the smallest crystallite size which is 15 nm. This work also shows that synthesis, controlling the defect structures, electronic and electrical characterization and the device production are extremely important to obtain high performance faradaic asymmetric supercapacitors.Therapeutic recombinant proteins have numerous advantages and benefits over chemical drugs, particularly high specificity and good biocompatibility. However, the therapeutic potential and clinical application of current anticancer protein drugs are limited as most biomarkers are located within cells, and multiple physiological barriers exist between the point of administration and the intracellular biomarker. Herein, we report a novel strategy to accurately deliver a cell-permeable dominant-negative TATm-Survivin (TmSm) protein (T34A) to intracellular survivin in cancer cells by overcoming multiple barriers in vivo. A poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) inner core, a polyethylene glycol (PEG) modification, and a TATm peptide were simultaneously introduced to mediate tumor tissue targeting and response to pH-triggered TmSm release. Liraglutide agonist Compared to free TmSm, the PEGylated-PLGA nanoparticle platform achieved a significantly higher cellular uptake efficiency (1.79-fold for A549 and 1.77-fold for Capan-2), effectively decreased IC50 (1.22-fold for A549 and 1.17-fold for Capan-2), and largely elevated apoptosis in different cancer cells (1.17-fold for A549 and 1.15-fold for Capan-2). Besides, this newly developed nanoplatform showed increased protein drug accumulation in the tumor site in A549-bearing nude mice and reached a tumor inhibition rate of 55.81% (1.35-fold versus free TmSm) by reducing the expression of intracellular survivin. All these results confirmed that our newly developed delivery strategy is a very promising tool, which helps protein drugs to cross multiple barriers in vivo and achieves precise targeting to intracellular biomarkers. This strategy could also be applied to other types of protein drugs to further improve their clinical anticancer therapeutic efficacy.Recently, research attention has been directed towards the coordination driven synthesis of gels, including coordination polymer gels (CPGs) and metal-organic cage based gels, which have shown applications in diverse fields, including optoelectronics, catalysis, sensing, gas-storage, and self-healing. A wide variety of CPGs and metal-organic cage based gels have been reported, to date, by choosing the right combination of metal ions and rationally designed organic linkers. In this article, we focused on recent developments in CPGs and metal-organic cage based gels and their applications.Electron-beam lithography is widely applied in nanofabrication due to its high resolution. However, it suffers from low throughput due to its patterning process. All the pixels within a pattern’s boundary are needed to be scanned for patterning, which is inefficient for a large area closed polygon structure. Introducing an additional step to perform the polygon-filling function for patterning will significantly improve the fabrication throughput. In this work, we introduce a practical polygon-filling process for electron beam lithography, termed plasma-assisted filling electron beam lithography (PFEBL), that makes use of post-exposure plasma treatment on the resist which only crosslinks the top surface of the resist. Using this technique, we only need to expose the outline of the patterns during the writing process and could still obtain the full structure after post-exposure plasma treatment and development. We show that the lithography patterning efficiency could be enhanced 50 times and above while sub-10 nm resolution patterning with a sharp boundary feature size can still be obtained. The plasma exposure mechanism and development mechanism were discussed for the characteristics of the resist that enables this filling process. Our approach allows large area closed polygon structures to be patterned with high patterning efficiency, which could find uses in various applications in nanophotonic and optoelectronic devices.Creating ultralight monolithic metal foams remains an outstanding challenge despite their important applications, e.g., in electronics, sensors and energy storage. Herein, a facile methodology is developed for one-step fabrication of silver/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) nanowire (AgPNW) hydrogel and high-quality robust ultralight AgPNW aerogel (AgPNWA) on a large scale. The hydrogel is directly formed by in situ assembling hydrothermally-synthesized AgPNWs. The resultant ultralight AgPNWA exhibits very high electrical conductivity. The application of this one-step fabricated AgPNWA to enhance phase change materials (PCMs) for high-efficiency thermal energy storage is investigated. The AgPNWA-paraffin composite (APC) shows ∼350% thermal-efficiency enhancement, ∼463% mechanical hardening, and strong reliability against thermal cycling due to the potentially strong AgPNW-paraffin interfacial interaction. It is also observed that the thickness of the APC shrinks significantly but there is no change in its diameter during thermal cycles. Analytical models of liquid capillary filling of deformable fiber-based 3D networks are derived for the first time and are applied to analyze the thermal-cycling-induced-shape-stabilization behavior of the APC and the vaporization-induced collapse behavior of the AgPNW network. This work provides important insights into designing a facile 3D assembly of nanomaterials, and thermal energy storage materials with high performance and reliability.