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Education and family planning can both be influenced by policy and are thought to accelerate fertility decline. However, questions remain about the nature of these effects. Does the effect of education operate through increasing educational attainment of women or educational enrollment of children? At which educational level is the effect strongest? Does the effect of family planning operate through increasing contraceptive prevalence or reducing unmet need? Is education or family planning more important? We assessed the quantitative impact of education and family planning in high-fertility settings using a regression framework inspired by Granger causality. We found that women’s attainment of lower secondary education is key to accelerating fertility decline and found an accelerating effect of contraceptive prevalence for modern methods. We found the impact of contraceptive prevalence to be substantially larger than that of education. These accelerating effects hold in sub-Saharan Africa, but with smaller effect sizes there than elsewhere.Using a two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation, we investigate the effects and roles of upper-hybrid waves (UHW) near the electron diffusion region (EDR). The energy dissipation via the wave-particle interaction in our simulation agrees with J · E ‘ measured by magnetospheric multiscale (MMS) spacecraft. It means that UHW contributes to the local energy dissipation. As a result of wave-particle interactions, plasma parameters which determine the larger-scale energy dissipation in the EDR are changed. The y-directional current decreases while the pressure tensor P y z increases/decreases when the agyrotropic beam density is low/high, where (x, y, z)-coordinates correspond the (L, M, N)-boundary coordinates. Because the reconnection electric field comes from -∂P y z /∂z, our result implies that UHW plays an additional role in affecting larger-scale energy dissipation in the EDR by changing plasma parameters. We provide a simple diagram that shows how the UHW activities change the profiles of plasma parameters near the EDR comparing cases with and without UHW.Although moderate-size earthquakes are poorly studied by lack of near-fault observations, they can provide key information about larger damaging earthquakes. Here we propose a new approach, inspired by double-difference relocation, that uses high-coherency waveforms recorded at neighboring sensors, to study the preparation phase and dynamics of moderate-size earthquakes. We validate this technique by analyzing the 2016, M w 5.2 Borrego Springs earthquake in Southern California and find consistent rupture velocities of 2 km/s highlighting two main rupture asperities. Ferroptosis inhibitor The analysis of the 2019, Ml5.2 Le Teil earthquake in France reveals slow nucleation at depth that migrates to the surface and propagates northward with a velocity of ∼2.8 km/s, highlighting two main rupture events also imaged by InSAR. By providing unprecedented resolution in our observation of the rupture dynamics, this approach will be useful in better understanding the preparation phase and rupture of both tectonic and induced earthquakes.The Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX) mission provides global energetic neutral atom (ENA) observations from the heliosphere and the Earth’s magnetosphere, including spatial, temporal, and energy information. IBEX views the magnetosphere from the sides and almost always perpendicular to noon-midnight plane. We report the first ENA images of the energization process in the Earth’s ion foreshock and magnetosheath regions. We show ENA flux and spectral images of the dayside magnetosphere with significant energization of ENA plasma sources (above ~2.7 keV) in the region magnetically connected to the Earth’s bow shock (BS) in its quasi-parallel configuration of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF). We also show that the ion energization increases gradually with decreasing IMF-BS angle, suggesting more efficient suprathermal ion acceleration deeper in the quasi-parallel foreshock.The unprecedented nature of the coronavirus pandemic and clinicians’ own concerns for safety and stability amidst collective uncertainty have threatened to undermine our ability to trust what we already know about our clients and how to help them. Rather than search for a novel solution, I suggest that what we need during a shared crisis is to renew our trust in the existing ethos of good enough therapy, a metaphoric corollary to Winnicott’s concept of good enough mothering, which presupposes the realities of imperfection and uncertainty along the continuum of growth. Using personal reflections, clinical vignettes from my psychotherapy practice, and drawing from modern attachment theory, contemporary relational psychoanalysis, and object relations theory, I posit in this article that clinical social workers already possess the framework, skills, and knowledge needed to deeply understand and meaningfully work with clients as they, and we, endure shared trauma. Through the clinical material, I examine opportunities to make use of clients’ reactions, as well as my own, in order to deepen the therapeutic process. I discuss the necessity of holding the therapeutic frame with increased flexibility in light of my use of self-disclosure surrounding my COVID-19 diagnosis and recovery, and I assess the impact of this disclosure.Current reform proposals call for a reduction of the corporate tax burden in Germany and justify this due to the competitiveness of Germany as a business location. However, in view of Germany’s continuously high attractiveness in this regard, these demands appear to be inappropriate, even in an international context. To ensure this attractiveness in the long term, it seems to be more important to focus on investments in digitisation, the digital infrastructure, and electromobility. Even in times of economic problems, e.g., the COVID19 pandemic, lowering the nominal tax burdens on companies is not necessarily the answer. Instead, temporary tax breaks for companies that invest during this phase of economic weakness may be more appropriate.