Activity

Native extracts from orange peels were obtained by a conventional method using acetone and, an alternative method using ionic liquid (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([C4mim]Cl)). The bioaccessibilities and cellular uptakes of carotenoids, esters and chlorophylls were evaluated, since the influence of esterification on bioaccessibility and bioavailability is not well established. For this, the extracts were emulsified, submitted to in vitro simulated digestion model according to the INFOGEST protocol, followed by uptake by Caco-2 cells. Compounds were separated, identified and quantified by HPLC-PDA-MS/MS. After digestion, 22.0% and 26.2% of the total carotenoids and 45.9% and 68.7% of the chlorophylls were bioaccessible from the acetone and [C4mim]Cl extracts, respectively. The bioaccessibilities of xanthophylls and carotenes were significantly higher than those of the mono- and diesters. The uptake by Caco-2 cells varied from 130.2 to 131.9 ng/mg cell protein for total carotenoids and from 243.8 to 234.2 ng/mg cell protein for chlorophylls in the acetone and [C4mim]Cl extracts, respectively. In general, xanthophylls and esters were better absorbed than carotenes.

Our aim was to investigate the value of rapid eye movement (REM) during prolonged scalp video-electroencephalography (VEEG) in the localization of epileptogenic foci for patients with focal epilepsy.

We retrospectively studied a total of 59 patients with focal epilepsy and 31 of 59 received surgery. We assessed localization of interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) during REM, non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREM) and wakefulness to compare with the localization of ictal EEG, clinical semiology, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) and stereo-electroencephalogram (SEEG). We graded postoperative follow-up outcome according to Engel criteria to further verify the accuracy of localization of epileptogenic foci in REM-IEDs. NREM-IEDs and Wakefulness-IEDs. Stepwise multiple logistic regression was carried out to assess for independent association of good prognosis with REM accurate localization, temporal lobe epilepsy and MRI accurate localization.

Clinical semiology was cIEDs had most value for localization of epileptogenic foci in patients with focal epilepsy. REM-IEDs- accurate localization of epileptogenic foci was an independent factor contributing to good prognosis for postsurgical patients with focal epilepsy.

Compared with NREM-IEDs and Wakefulness-IEDs, REM-IEDs had most value for localization of epileptogenic foci in patients with focal epilepsy. REM-IEDs- accurate localization of epileptogenic foci was an independent factor contributing to good prognosis for postsurgical patients with focal epilepsy.

Sleep-related facio-mandibular myoclonus(SRFMM) is a rare and under-recognized stereotyped parasomnia. SRFMM can present with isolated tongue biting, which can be misdiagnosed as epilepsy and sleep bruxism. We aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and demographics of patients with SRFMM.

We reported a case of SRFMM and presented a literature review on SRFMM. We searched the Medline, Pubmed, and Web of Science database using the following search algorithm “facio-mandibular myoclonus” or “masticatory myoclonus” or “tongue biting” limited to publications in English.

In total, nine studies were included. In addition to our case, a total of 17 patients were analyzed. SRFMM was found to be more prevalent in males, with a mean age of 48.2 years old. Most of the patients experienced tongue biting during non-rapid eye movement sleep. A majority of the patients were misdiagnosed with epilepsy or sleep bruxism. The simultaneous video EEG and surface EMG was beneficial in confirming the diagnosis of SRFMM. In some patients, clonazepam was reported to ameliorate the tongue biting event.

This study represents a comprehensive summary of SRFMM, which has unique clinical features. Extra-caution may be needed in these cases as it may puzzle neurologists in terms of management.

This study represents a comprehensive summary of SRFMM, which has unique clinical features. Extra-caution may be needed in these cases as it may puzzle neurologists in terms of management.Pretreatment nutritional and immunological status is useful for predicting survival outcomes for various types of malignant tumors. Our objective was to determine the impact of the pretreatment Onodera’s prognostic nutritional index (OPNI) on outcomes of patients who underwent definitive chemoradiotherapy for advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). We reviewed 47 patients treated for OSCC with definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT) at our institution between January 2004 and December 2011. We determined the OPNI according to the following formula 10 × serum albumin (g/dL) + 0.005 × total lymphocyte count (per μL). We determined the optimum OPNI cut-off through a receiver operating characteristic analysis. We analyzed the associations between OPNI status and various clinicopathological features and evaluated the effects of OPNI on the prognosis. We examined the relationships between OPNI and systemic inflammatory response parameters and analyzed intratumoral CD8+ T cells and their correlation with OPNI. The optimum OPNI cut-off was 42.7. A Kaplan-Meier curve analysis revealed that low OPNI was significantly associated with poor overall survival and cause-specific survival. The multivariate analysis revealed that low OPNI was independently correlated with poor 5 year overall survival and cause-specific survival. OPNI was significantly correlated with systemic inflammatory response parameters. Intratumoral CD8+ T cell counts in primary tumors were significantly lower for low OPNI than for high OPNI. The present data demonstrate that pretreatment OPNI is a valuable independent prognostic indicator of overall and cause-specific survival in advanced OSCC following definitive CRT. OPNI might reflect the tumor immune microenvironment characterization in OSCC.

Chromosomal translocations such as t(10;12)(q26,q12) are associated with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, a universally fatal category of liver cancer. This translocation creates the oncogenic fusion protein of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 2 joined to Periphilin 1. selleck compound The aims of this study were to identify significant features required for biological activation, analyze the activation of downstream signaling pathways, and examine the efficacy of the TKIs BGJ398 and TAS-120, and of the MEK inhibitor Trametinib.

These studies examined FGFR2-PPHLN1 proteins containing a kinase-dead, kinase-activated, or WT kinase domain in comparison with analogous FGFR2 proteins. Biological activity was assayed using soft agar colony formation in epithelial RIE-1 cells and focus assays in NIH3T3 cells. The MAPK/ERK, JAK/STAT3 and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways were examined for activation. Membrane association was analyzed by indirect immunofluorescence comparing proteins altered by deletion of the signal peptide, or by addition of a myristylation signal.