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The objective of this study was to determine the levels of serum ischemia-modified albumin (IMA), fibrinogen (FIB) and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with hypertension (HT) (DMT2HTN) and without HT (DMT2). Also, their association with certain biochemical and physical factors were studied to identify possible risk factors that lead to cardiovascular complications.

Fasting blood samples were collected from 35 DMT2 or DMT2HTN patients each to analyze differences in serum and plasma levels of IMA, hs-CRP, FIB, total cholesterol (TC), high and low density lipoproteins (HDL and LDL), triglyceride (TG), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1C), glycated hemoglobin and creatinine.

In DMT2 and DMT2HTN patients, IMA, hs-CRP, FIB, TC, TG, HDL, LDL, glycated hemoglobin and creatinine levels, including body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), were significantly higher relative to healthy controls. In addition, the levels of IMA, hs-CRP and FIB levels showed a strong link to BMI, WHR, TC, TG, LDL and glycated hemoglobin. SB216763 clinical trial Lastly, both DMT2 and DMT2HTN patients demonstrated a significant reduction in HDL.

DMT2 and DMT2HTN patients have a greater risk of developing cardiovascular related complications. This study suggests that quantifying hs-CRP, IMA and FIB levels can help diagnose the risk of developing complications during the early stages of metabolic and cardiovascular disease. Overall, the specific risk factors may be used for early identification of cardiovascular complications to decrease mortality and morbidity in T2DM patients.

DMT2 and DMT2HTN patients have a greater risk of developing cardiovascular related complications. This study suggests that quantifying hs-CRP, IMA and FIB levels can help diagnose the risk of developing complications during the early stages of metabolic and cardiovascular disease. Overall, the specific risk factors may be used for early identification of cardiovascular complications to decrease mortality and morbidity in T2DM patients.

We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Highly Upregulated in Liver Cancer (HULC) and microRNA-372 (miR-372) as biochemical markers in Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and HCV-infected patients.

The present study was conducted on 100 Egyptian individuals divided into 3 groups, 40 patients with HCC and HCV infection, 40 patients only HCV-infected, and 20 individuals as normal controls. They were subject to full history taking, full clinical and laboratory examination, and assessment of HULC and miR-372 levels by real-time PCR.

A statistically significant difference was found with p< 0.05 between HCC and each of HCV and control groups as regards HULC level with high mean among HCC followed by HCV patients. Our results also show a statistically significant difference with p< 0.05 between each of HCC and HCV compared to control as regards miR-372 level with low mean among HCC patients.

HULC could be considered as a potential non-invasive marker for detection and early diagnosis of HCC. Also, it may play an important role in the early prophylaxis and control measures to reduce the incidence of HCC. However, miR-372 cannot be considered as a reliable marker as HULC for early detection of HCC especially in HCV patients.

HULC could be considered as a potential non-invasive marker for detection and early diagnosis of HCC. Also, it may play an important role in the early prophylaxis and control measures to reduce the incidence of HCC. However, miR-372 cannot be considered as a reliable marker as HULC for early detection of HCC especially in HCV patients.

is a common cause of community-acquired pneumonia. The global increased resistance of

strains to macrolide (ML) has become a worrisome health problem. The widespread use of these medications has led to increased rate of reported ML-resistant

(MRMP) throughout the world. This study was aimed to evaluate the resistance of

against erythromycin due to mutations in the 23S rRNA gene of patients with respiratory infections in Iran.

In this study, 100 samples of throat swab from a patient with respiratory problems were collected. After the cultured of all samples in

-specific PPLO medium, PCR technique was performed with specific primers. Afterwards, the broth micro-dilution MIC assay was employed. Finally, the PCR product of the 23S

gene was sequenced to detect mutations of domain V in 23S rRNA gene of MRMP.

It was found that 17 cases (17%) were positive for mycoplasma genus and six cases (6%) positive for

species. Also, analysis of the sequence of 23S rRNA gene, revealed that one of the samples had mutations at positions A2431G and G2491A. All positive samples

with 23S rRNA gene were sensitive to erythromycin.

These use of these antibiotics should be limited to prevent the emergence of MRMP in Iran.

These use of these antibiotics should be limited to prevent the emergence of MRMP in Iran.

Timely identification of

infections can lead to a decrease in mortality rates. Differentiation of

from other similar species using traditional culture-based and molecular methods is problematic. In this study, we assessed the efficacy of identifying the

and

for the detection of

from isolates and various clinical samples using molecular methods.

A total of 440 clinical samples were collected from patients with suspected invasive pneumococcal infections during February 2016 to October 2018. Biochemical tests were used to confirm the dubious colonies on 5% sheep blood agar. Fifty-seven confirmed isolates, 57 culture-positive samples, and 57 culture-negative samples were analyzed for the presence of

and

using both conventional and real-time PCR.

All the isolates and culture-positive samples were positive for

and

by both PCR methods. Of the 57 culture-negative samples, conventional and real-time PCR amplified

from six and two samples, and

from seven and two samples, respectively.

The specificity of real-time PCR assay was significantly higher than that of conventional PCR for the identification of

. In addition, it is suggested that respiratory secretions are not suitable specimen for direct diagnosis of pneumococcal infections.

The specificity of real-time PCR assay was significantly higher than that of conventional PCR for the identification of S. pneumoniae. In addition, it is suggested that respiratory secretions are not suitable specimen for direct diagnosis of pneumococcal infections.