Activity

Public health programming often frames HIV status disclosure as a means to negotiate condom- and abstinence-based prevention or to involve intimate partners in HIV care to garner treatment adherence support. HIV treatment can be used to ensure viral suppression and prevent onward transmission, which provides strong evidence to encourage disclosure. The ideological shift towards HIV treatment as prevention is expected to facilitate disclosure.

There is a lack of research on how the scale-up of universal HIV testing and treatment influences disclosure practices in high burden settings. In this manuscript, we aim to address this gap.

To this end, we conducted a two-phased narrative performative analysis of the disclosure scripts of 15 women living with HIV in three communities of Western Cape, South Africa where the HPTN 071 (PopART) HIV prevention trial implemented a universal HIV testing and treatment model as part of the intervention. The women were part of a larger cohort nested in the trial. We use Goof universal HIV testing and treatment.Introduction Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) is a rare subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma characterized by the presence of IgM-secreting clonal lymphocytes, plasma cells, and lymphoplasmacytic cells. Many well-established treatment options are available for patients with WM. However, a unique array of side effects may occur in patients during therapy related to the underlying disease, as well as the chosen treatment regimen.Areas covered This review summarizes the most common adverse effects that occur during treatment of WM, as well as potential strategies to decrease the risk of toxicity.Expert opinion There are multiple highly effective treatment options for patients with WM. All these treatment options, however, can be associated with a variety of adverse events. For example, chemotherapy has been associated with the development of myeloid neoplasms, anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies with paradoxical IgM flares and infusion reactions, proteasome inhibitors with neuropathy, and BTK inhibitors with bleeding and cardiac arrhythmias. Dose reductions, lower number of cycles and changes in route of administration are some of the tools a clinician has available for managing and minimizing toxicity. Future research will focus on improving patient safety without sacrificing the efficacy of treatment.Introduction Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) therapy has led to a paradigm shift in cancer drug development and in the clinical evaluation of approaches to combination cancer treatment. Dysregulation of the immune system by ICI therapy may also elicit autoimmune phenomena and consequently manifest clinically as immune-related adverse events (irAEs) including neurological irAEs. TP-1454 Areas Covered The purpose of this review is to explore the role of autoantibodies in the diagnosis and prediction of neurological irAEs and to evaluate their pathogenicity. We searched Pubmed and Embase for neurological irAEs and associated autoantibodies and found 28 patients with central and peripheral neurological irAEs. Of these patients, up to 40% had encephalitis, 34.4% with myasthenia gravis and 22% of patients with peripheral neuropathy and Guillain-Barre Syndrome had autoantibodies. Expert Opinion Overall, our survey suggested a causal relationship between neurological irAEs and autoantibodies. Detection of autoantibodies may help to diagnose neurological irAEs and inform their clinical management.

This study aimed to examine the association between active commuting and sedentary time (ST) and physical activity (PA) in women with fibromyalgia.

This cross-sectional study included 420 women with fibromyalgia (aged 30 to 74 years old) from Spain. The participants wore an accelerometer during seven days to record ST and PA. They also self-reported patterns of active commuting. Linear regression analyses were conducted to examine the relationships between commuting and accelerometer outcomes. Age, pressure pain threshold, and accelerometer wear time were used as confounders.

There was a negative association between active commuting and ST whereas active commuting was positively associated with moderate PA, moderate-to-vigorous PA, total PA, and step count (all

 ≤ 0.01). No associations were observed in the older group.

Younger women with fibromyalgia who were active commuters spent less ST and were involved in greater PA than passive commuters. This study highlights the importance of promoting actiough to increase PA levels in older women with fibromyalgia and additional PA strategies should be implemented.Promotion of active commuting in young women with fibromyalgia is recommended.

Develop a screening battery for persons with Parkinson’s Disease (PD) that is easily administered in a short amount of time by community exercise professionals and measures changes in function.

An integrated, stakeholder-engaged, mixed methods approach included interviews and meetings with community exercise professionals on the development of a screening battery. Persons with PD (

 = 57, age = 72.1 ± 8.1 years) who were already enrolled in fitness classes or individualized training at three locations participated in the screening battery twice over 8-16 weeks and provided feedback. Trends from interviews and meeting notes were identified using summative content analysis. Quantitative changes in performance were compared with paired

-tests. Cohen’s

effect sizes were calculated for all significant differences.

Current barriers for functional screenings included time and space. Using this feedback, we developed a screening battery that took under 20 min, required little equipment, had been previouslotivator for persons with PD and lead to increased exercise adherence. Easily administered tests can show improvements in this population. Community exercise professionals are able to safely screen persons with PD to detect functional deficits and assist with programming.Implications for RehabilitationRegular exercise can slow declines in physical function and quality of life in people with Parkinson’s disease.Use of physical assessments in community exercise programs can improve motivation to exercise for this population.Physical assessments such as sit-to-stand and arm curls can be used to demonstrate improvements in people with Parkinson’s disease.