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Additive manufacturing technologies allow producing a regular three-dimensional mesh of interconnected struts that form an open-cell porous structure. Regular porous structures have been used in the orthopedic industry due to outstanding bone anchoring. The aim of the study was to determine how the postprocessing influences the mechanical properties of porous structures made of titanium alloy CL 41TI ELI. The effect of hot isostatic pressing (HIP) as a method of increasing microstructural integrity was investigated here. The influence of surface etching (SE) technique, which was applied to the porous structure for cleaning unmelted titanium powder particles on the surface of connectors from the inner surfaces of a porous structure, was examined in this study. Mechanical properties were investigated by means of compression tests. The results point out that HIP has a minor effect on the mechanical behavior of considered porous structures. The SE is an effective method to clean the surface of a porous structure, which is very important in the case of biomedical applications when loose powder can cause serious health problems. Another effect of the SE is also the strut thickness reduction. Reducing strut thickness of a porous structure with the surface etching decreases its stiffness to the same extent as predicted by the relative density theoretical model but did not result in structural damage.The International Study of Movement Behaviors in the Early Years (SUNRISE) was initiated in response to the 2019 WHO guidelines for physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep in children aged 0-5 years. This Swedish pilot study aimed to (i) assess the proportion of preschoolers meeting the guidelines, (ii) evaluate the feasibility of the methods for the SUNRISE study, and (iii) assess how movement behaviors have been affected in preschoolers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Physical activity and sleep (waist-worn ActiGraph); screen time and movement behaviors (parental questionnaire); motor skills (Ages and Stages Questionnaire); and executive functions (3 iPad games) were assessed in 100 Swedish preschoolers (n = 58 boys). There were 19.4% of preschoolers (n = 14) who met the WHO guidelines. The motor skill and executive function assessments were feasible; however, 20% refused to wear the ActiGraph overnight. Additionally, during the pandemic Swedish children’s physical activity, time spent outside on weekdays and weekend days, and screen time significantly increased (+53; +124; +68; +30min/day, respectively, all p-values ≤ 0.001). Methods for the SUNRISE study were feasible in a Swedish context; however, considerations to switch to a wrist-worn accelerometer should be made. Furthermore, children’s physical activity increased during the pandemic, which is likely due to how the rules/restrictions were implemented in Sweden.The purpose of this analysis was primarily to analyze biochemical-recurrence free survival (BRFS) after positron emission tomography (PET)-guided salvage radiotherapy (sRT) in a large cohort, and to further compare BRFS after PSMA vs. choline PET/ computer tomography (CT)-based sRT. This retrospective analysis is based on 421 patients referred for PSMA or choline PET/CT after radical prostatectomy due to biochemically recurrent or persistent disease. BRFS (PSA 0.2 ng/mL) was defined as the study endpoint. Cox regression analyses were performed to assess the impact of different clinical parameters on BRFS. Additionally, propensity score matching was performed to adjust patient cohorts (PSMA vs. choline PET/CT-based sRT). The median follow-up time was 30 months. BRFS at three years after sRT was 58%. In the multivariate analysis, only PSA before PET imaging and PSA before sRT were significantly associated with BRFS (p less then 0.05). After propensity score matching, 272 patients were further analyzed; there was no significant difference in three-year BRFS between patients with PSMA PET-based vs. choline PET-based sRT (55% vs. 63%, p = 0.197). The present analysis confirmed the overall high BRFS rates after PET-based sRT and the strong prognostic effect of PSA level prior to sRT. PSMA PET-based sRT did not have superior BRFS rates when compared with choline PET-based sRT.To study the brittle/ductile behavior of concrete beams reinforced with low amounts of rebar and fibers, a new multi-scale model is presented. It is used to predict the flexural response of an ideal Hybrid Reinforced Concrete (HRC) beam in bending, and it is validated with the results of a specific experimental campaign, and some tests available in the technical literature. Both the numerical and the experimental measurements define a linear relationship between the amount of reinforcement and the Ductility Index (DI). The latter is a non-dimensional function depending on the difference between the ultimate load and the effective cracking load of a concrete beam. As a result, a new design-by-testing procedure can be established to determine the minimum reinforcement of HRC elements. MK-8719 cost It corresponds to DI = 0, and can be considered as a linear combination of the minimum area of rebar (of the same reinforced concrete beam) and the minimum fiber volume fraction (of the same fiber-reinforced concrete beam), respectively.The current therapeutic approach for the treatment of hormone dependent breast cancer includes interference with estrogen receptors via either selective modulators or estrogens deprivation, by preventing their biosynthesis with aromatase inhibitors. Severe side effects and acquired resistance are drawbacks of both drug classes, and the efforts to overcome these issues still allow for research in this field to be animated. This review reports on recent findings that have opened new avenues for reconsidering the role of aromatase enzymes (and estrogen receptors) leading to the possibility of looking at well-known targets in a new perspective.Cisplatin and oxaliplatin are treatment options for a variety of cancer types. While highly efficient in killing cancer cells, both chemotherapeutics cause severe side effects, e.g., peripheral neuropathies. Using a cell viability assay, a mitochondrial stress assay, and live-cell imaging, the effects of cis- or oxaliplatin on the mitochondrial function, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and mitochondrial and cytosolic calcium concentration of transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1)- or vanilloid 1 (TRPV1)-positive dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons of adult Wistar rats were determined. Mitochondrial functions were impaired after exposure to cis- or oxaliplatin by mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I-III inhibition. The basal respiration, spare respiratory capacity, and the adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-linked respiration were decreased after exposure to 10 µM cis- or oxaliplatin. The ROS production showed an immediate increase, and after reaching the peak, ROS production dropped. Calcium imaging showed an increase in the cytosolic calcium concentration during exposure to 10 µM cis- or oxaliplatin in TRPA1- or TRPV1-positive DRG neurons while the mitochondrial calcium concentration continuously decreased.