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BACKGROUND Since development of the Utstein style recommendations for the uniform reporting of cardiac arrest, increasing numbers of national and regional out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) registries have been established worldwide. The International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR) created the Research and Registries Working Group and aimed to systematically report data collected from these registries. METHODS We conducted two surveys of voluntarily participating national and regional registries. The first survey aimed to identify which core elements of the current Utstein style for OHCA were collected by each registry. The second survey collected descriptive summary data from each registry. We chose the data collected for the second survey based on the availability of core elements identified by the first survey. RESULTS Seven national and four regional registries were included in the first survey and nine national and seven regional registries in the second survey. The estimated annual incideurvival outcomes and other core elements of the current Utstein style recommendations for OHCA across nations and regions. V.AIM We evaluated the prognostic value of serum- and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal esterase L1 protein (UCHL1) measurements in post- post-out of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients treated with target temperature management (TTM), to predict neurologic outcome. METHODS This was a prospective single-centre observational cohort study, conducted from April 2018 to September 2019. Serum- and CSF-UCHL1 were obtained immediately (UCHL1initial), 24h (UCHL124), 48h (UCHL148), and 72h (UCHL172) after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROC) and Delong method were used to identify cut-off values of serum- and CSF-UCHL1initial, UCHL124, UCHL148, UCHL172 for predicting neurologic outcomes. RESULTS Of 38 patients enrolled, 16 comprised the poor outcome group. The AUROCs for serum- and CSF-UCHL1initial were 0.71 and 0.93 in predicting poor neurological outcomes, respectively (p=0.01). The AUROCs for serum- and CSF-UCHL124 were 0.85 and 0.91, (p=0.24). The AUROCs for serum- and CSF-UCHL148 were 0.90 and 0.97, (p=0.07). The AUROCs for serum- and CSF-UCHL172 were 0.94 and 0.98, (p=0.25). CONCLUSION Findings of this study demonstrate that CSF-UCHL1 measured immediately, 24h, 48h, and 72h after ROSC is a valuable predictor for evaluating neurologic outcomes, whereas serum-UCHL1 measured at 24h, 48h, and 72h after ROSC showed a significant performance in the prognostication of poor outcomes in post-OHCA patients treated with TTM. V.Bone-targeted therapies have been the choice of treatments for cancer metastases in bone to minimize skeletal morbidity and preserve patients’ quality of life. Rhein is of particular interest due to its high bone affinity. Here we reported a novel Rhein- polyethylene glycol (PEG)-nano hydroxyapatite (nHA) conjugate to deliver doxorubicin (DOX) and Phosphorus-32 (32P) simultaneously for enhanced cancer chemo-radiotherapy. The synthetic Rhein-PEG-nHA conjugates were sphere in shape with an average diameter of ~120nm. Their morphology, drug release and bone affinity were confirmed in vitro. The release profiles of DOX depend on pH condition, but 32P exhibited good stability. Rhein-PEG-nHA also showed high bone affinity in vivo, and the tumor volume decreased after the DOX@Rhein-PEG-nHA and 32P@Rhein-PEG-nHA treatments. Most importantly, the DOX/32P@Rhein-PEG-nHA showed the strongest inhibition on the growth of bone metastases of breast cancer. We revealed the potential of Rhein-PEG-nHA in combined chemo-radiation treatment for bone metastases of breast cancer. OBJECTIVE Birth cohort studies (BCS) have generated a wealth of invaluable basic scientific and policy-relevant information on a wide range of issues in child health and development. This study sought to explore what research questions are currently a priority for the next generation of BCS using a 3-round Delphi survey of interdisciplinary experts. METHODS Twenty-four (Round I, N = 17; Round II, N = 21; Round III, N = 18) experts across a wide range of fields (e.g., psychology, public health and maternal/child health) agreed to participate. In Round I, the expert panel was invited to freely respond to the question, “what are the key scientific questions future birth cohort studies should address?”. Content analysis of answers was used to identify 47 questions for rating on perceived importance by the panel in Round II and consensus-achieving questions were identified. Questions that did not reach consensus in Round II were posed again for expert re-rating in Round III. RESULTS Twenty six of 47 questions reached consensus in Round II, with an additional 6 reaching consensus in Round III. 2,4-Thiazolidinedione research buy Consensus-achieving questions rated highly on importance spanned a number of topics, including environmental effects on child development, intergenerational transmission of disadvantage and designing BCS to inform intervention strategies. CONCLUSION Investigating the effects of family/environmental factors and social disadvantage on a child’s development should be prioritised in designing future BCS. The panel also recommended that future BCS are designed to inform intervention strategies. BACKGROUND Epicardial pacing increases risk of ventricular tachycardia (VT) in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) when pacing in proximity to scar. Endocardial pacing may be less arrhythmogenic as it preserves the physiological sequence of activation and repolarization. OBJECTIVE To determine the relative arrhythmogenic risk of endocardial compared to epicardial pacing, and the role of the transmural gradient of action potential duration (APD) and pacing location relative to scar on arrhythmogenic risk during endocardial pacing. METHODS Computational models of ICM patients (n=24) were used to simulate left-ventricular (LV) epicardial and endocardial pacing at 0.2-3.5cm from a scar. Mechanisms were investigated in idealised models of the ventricular wall and scar. Simulations were run with/without a 20ms transmural APD gradient in the physiological direction and with the gradient inverted. Dispersion of repolarization was computed as a surrogate of VT risk. RESULTS Patient-specific models with a physiological APD gradient predict that endocardial pacing decreases (34%, P less then 0.