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We found differences between southern and northern populations in the response to summer temperature and snowmelt date in one of three yearly transitions. In this year, southern populations performed better in warm, southern-like conditions than in cold, northern-like conditions; and the reverse pattern was true for northern populations. Survival of all populations decreased with evaporation, consistent with the high hydric demands and poikilohydric nature of mosses. Our results are consistent with population adaptation to local climate, and suggest that intraspecific variation among populations can have important effects on the response of species to microclimate drivers. These findings highlight the need to account for differential responses in predictions of species abundance and distribution under climate change. © 2020 The Authors. Ecology published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Ecological Society of America.BACKGROUND Minimally invasive or noninvasive skin-tightening procedures have become trends in facial and neck rejuvenation. Radiofrequency-assisted liposuction (RFAL) is a new choice for the treatment of skin relaxation that is more effective than noninvasive surgery without surgical incision. OBJECTIVES The authors recommend a 2-step method in which radiofrequency is applied after appropriate liposuction is performed. This approach is safer and more effective than traditional RFAL, and the authors detail the safety guidelines, operative techniques, postoperative satisfaction results, and complications. METHODS A total of 227 patients with lower face and neck skin laxity underwent RFAL between April 2012 and June 2019. The following data were collected age, body mass index, operative duration, volume of fat aspirated, amount of energy delivered, and number and type of complications. Patient satisfaction was surveyed postoperatively and assessed by third-party surgeons at 3 and 6 months. RESULTS At 6 months after operation, 78.8% of patients considered the results moderate to excellent, whereas 21.2% of the patients considered the results to be poor or thought there was no change. The photograph evaluation performed by independent plastic surgeons showed moderate to excellent results in 89.1% of patients. There were no major complications that required further medical or surgical intervention. CONCLUSIONS This 2-step method is a safe and effective improvement in the application of radiofrequency for face and neck skin tightening. Patients can achieve significant contour correction via minimally invasive surgery with a lower risk of side effects. Level of Evidence 4. © 2020 The Aesthetic Society. Reprints and permission journals.permissions@oup.com.Seed dormancy is induced primarily by abscisic acid (ABA) and maintained through the elevated levels of ABA sensitivity in seeds. The core mechanisms of ABA-imposed seed dormancy are emerging, however, it is still unclear how these blockages in seeds are eliminated during after-ripening, or what molecular events in imbibed seeds are responsible for the initial stages of germination induction. Some pieces of evidence suggest that a repressor complex, which potentially triggers seed germination through the suppression of ABA signaling components, might be present in seeds. The usual suspect, protein phosphatase 2C, which inactivates kinases and shuts down ABA signaling in the major dormancy pathway, is possibly associated with this complex. Other members, such as WD40 proteins and histone deacetylase subunits, homologs of which are found in the flowering repressor complex, perhaps constitute this complex in seeds. The repressor activity could counteract the dormancy mechanisms in an overwhelming manner, through well-coordinated inactivation and turnover of germination-suppressing transcription factors (TF), which is probably accompanied by chromatin silencing and transcriptional repression of the TF target genes. This article provides a perspective about a putative seed germination-inducing repressor complex, including its possible modes of actions and upstream regulators. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Experimental Biology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email journals.permissions@oup.com.BACKGROUNDS and Aims One major challenge when supporting the development of intercropping systems remains the design of efficient species mixtures. The ecological processes that sustain overyielding of legume-based mixtures compared to pure crops are well known, but their links with plant traits still need to be unravelled. A common assumption is that enhancing trait divergence among species for resource acquisition when assembling plant mixtures should increase species complementarity and improve community performance. METHODS The Virtual Grassland model was used to assess how divergence in trait values between species on four physiological functions (namely light and mineral N acquisition, temporal development and C-N use efficiency) affected overyielding and mixture stability in legume-based binary mixtures. A first step allowed us to identify the model parameters most important to inter-specific competition. A second step consisted in testing the impact of convergent and divergent parameter (or trait) valtraits and the definition of ideotypes adapted to a targeted intercropping system. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail journals.permissions@oup.com.BACKGROUND Pneumothorax is a rare complication of liposuction resulting from injury to the lung parenchyma. OBJECTIVES To determine the incidence of pneumothorax complicating liposuction, describe an archetypal presentation, identify risk factors, and propose options for risk reduction. METHODS In a retrospective chart review, liposuction procedures during a 16-year period by eight surgeons in one practice were screened for pneumothorax. AT527 Cases featuring pneumothorax were analyzed to ascertain risk factors, presentation, and pathogenesis. RESULTS Of 16,215 liposuction procedures performed during the study period, seven pneumothoraxes were identified (0.0432%). Six (85.7%) were female. Three (42.9%) had previous liposuction. Six cases (85.7%) included liposuction of the axilla region. All cases featured depression of intra/postoperative oxygen saturations as the initial sign. Three (42.9%) were identified intraoperatively. All patients were transferred to a hospital for imaging. Five (71.4%) underwent chest tube placement.