Activity

ntribute to a higher health-related quality of life.

Sports and physical activities are an important cause of traumatic brain injury among adolescents. Childhood traumatic brain injury has been associated with cognitive impairment, emotional problems, and impaired behavior control, and these neuropsychological changes may place these youth at increased risk for engagement in violence-related behaviors.

Data from the 2017 National Youth Risk Behavior Survey (N=14,765), a nationally representative survey of U.S. high school students, were analyzed in 2019 to examine the associations between sports- and physical activity-related concussion and violence-related behaviors occurring in the community and at school. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to calculate sex-stratified, adjusted (for race/ethnicity, grade, athlete status, impaired cognitive functioning, feeling sad/hopeless, and current substance use) prevalence ratios. selleckchem Prevalence ratios were considered statistically significant if p<0.05.

Male students (17.1%) were more likely than feviolence prevention programs.

Although the direction of these associations is unknown, return-to-school programs may benefit from inclusion of assessment and counseling around issues of psychological and social functioning, conflict resolution, and coordination with violence prevention programs.

The use of a pacifier is recommended to support sucking reflex during transition from gavage feeding to oral feeding and ensure readiness for feeding.

A randomized controlled experimental design was used to determine the effect of a pacifier given before feeding on physiological characteristics and feeding performance in preterm infants initially fed orally.

The data were obtained from preterm infants (N=72) born before 31st gestational week, who were admitted to Newborn Intensive Care Unit of a training and research hospital affiliated with Ministry of Health between January 2017-July 2018 and met the case selection criteria. Heart rates, oxygen saturation levels and feeding performances of preterm infants in both groups before, during, and after feeding were compared.

Heart rates of preterm infants in the experimental group were statistically significantly lower (Experimental 139.64±10.16; Control 149.31±8.40; p<0.01) and their oxygen saturation levels were higher (Experimental 97.22±2.22; Control 96.33±1.93; p<0.05). Feeding efficiency rates (Experimental 1.94±1.19; Control 0.69±0.34; p<0.01) and the percentage of food intake (Experimental 89.5±23.93; Control 70.86±27.41; p<0.01) of newborns in the experimental group were statistically significantly higher and their feeding duration was shorter (Experimental 10.58±8.29; Control 16.14±8.31; p<0.01).

It was determined that a pacifier given before feeding is effective on regulating physiological parameters and supporting feeding performance in preterm infants.

The use of a pacifier in the first transition to oral feeding in preterm infants supports their sucking reflex, calms them down, and ensures the readiness for feeding.

The use of a pacifier in the first transition to oral feeding in preterm infants supports their sucking reflex, calms them down, and ensures the readiness for feeding.

Recent institutional evidence suggests that conversion total hip arthroplasty (THA) incurs higher complication rates and costs when compared to primary THA. These findings contrast with the current reimbursement system as conversion and primary THAs are classified under the same diagnosis-related group. Thus, a national all-payer database was utilized to compare complication rates up to 2 years, 30-day readmission rates, and 90-day costs between conversion THA and matched primary THA patients.

A retrospective review of the PearlDiver database between 2010 and second quarter of 2018 was performed using Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes to compare conversion THA (CPT 27132) to primary THA (CPT 27130). Patients were matched at a 13 ratio based on age, gender, Charlson Comorbidity Index, body mass index, tobacco use, and diabetes (conversion= 8369; primary= 25,081 patients).

Conversion THA had higher rates of periprosthetic joint infections (conversion 7.7% vs primary 1.4%), hip dislocations (4.5% vs 2.0%), blood transfusions (2.0% vs 1.0%), mechanical complications (5.5% vs 1.0%), and revision surgeries (4.0% vs 1.5%) (P < .001 for all) by 90 days. The 30-day readmission rate for conversion THA was significantly higher compared to the primary group (7.3% vs 3.3%) (P < .001). Median cost at 90 days for conversion THA was significantly higher compared to primary THA ($18,800 vs $13,611, P < .001).

This study revealed increased complication rates, revisions, readmissions, and costs among conversion THA patients compared to matched primary THA patients. These results support the reclassification of conversion into a diagnosis-related group separate from primary THA.

This study revealed increased complication rates, revisions, readmissions, and costs among conversion THA patients compared to matched primary THA patients. These results support the reclassification of conversion into a diagnosis-related group separate from primary THA.

In addition to the significant morbidity and mortality associated with periprosthetic joint infection (PJI), the cost of treating PJI is substantial. Prior high-quality national estimates of the economic burden of PJI utilize data up to 2009 to project PJI growth in the United States through 2020. Now in the year 2020, it is appropriate to evaluate these past projections and incorporate the latest available data to better understand the current scale and burden of PJI in the United States.

The Nationwide Inpatient Sample (2002-2017) was used to identify rates and associated inpatient costs for primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and total hip arthroplasty (THA) and PJI-related revision TKA and THA. Poisson regression was utilized to model past growth and project future rates and cost of PJI of the hip and knee.

Using the most recent data, the combined annual hospital costs related to PJI of the hip and knee were estimated to be $1.85 billion by 2030. This includes $753.4 million for THA PJI and $1.1 billion for TKA PJI, in that year.