Activity

Foramen ovale called lobulated and had not classified previously was described in this study. Computed tomography is a reliable tool for anatomical evaluation of FO and FS, which would effect the methods of middle cranial fossa surgery. Thus, radiologists should be a pathfinder about the variations of these structures.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the interobserver agreement and diagnostic accuracy of COVID-19 Reporting and Data System (CO-RADS), in patients suspected COVID-19 pneumonia.

Two hundred nine nonenhanced chest computed tomography images of patients with clinically suspected COVID-19 pneumonia were included. The images were evaluated by 2 groups of observers, consisting of 2 residents-radiologists, using CO-RADS. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used as a reference standard for diagnosis in this study. Sensitivity, specificity, area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), and intraobserver/interobserver agreement were calculated.

COVID-19 Reporting and Data System was able to distinguish patients with positive PCR results from those with negative PCR results with AUC of 0.796 in the group of residents and AUC of 0.810 in the group of radiologists. There was moderate interobserver agreement between residents and radiologist with κ values of 0.54 and 0.57.

The diagnostic performance of CO-RADS for predicting COVID-19 pneumonia showed moderate interobserver agreement between residents and radiologists.

The diagnostic performance of CO-RADS for predicting COVID-19 pneumonia showed moderate interobserver agreement between residents and radiologists.

To explore the role of diffusion kurtosis magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in the noninvasive identification of synovitis in hand arthritis.

A total of 30 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 10 patients suspected of RA were enrolled in the prospective study. A 3.0-T MR imaging including the diffusion kurtosis MR imaging sequence (b = 0, 500, 1000, 1500, 2000 s·mm2) was performed. A total of 210 regions of interest were confirmed and diffusion kurtosis MR imaging parameters were generated. The suspected synovitis or effusion was scored on a scale of 0 (effusion) to 3 (mild, moderate, severe synovitis), according to RA-MR imaging scoring system. The performance of diffusion kurtosis MR imaging parameters (the apparent diffusion coefficient [ADC], diffusion coefficient [D], and kurtosis [K]) in distinguishing different synovitis scores was evaluated.

There were significant differences in ADC, D, and K values among different synovitis scores (all P < 0.001). Synovitis scores were negatively correlhan K values.

Aberrant internal carotid arteries (ICAs) may take abnormal courses in the cervical region. CDK activity We present the ICA imaging features that suggest the presence of a submucosal mass in the posterior pharyngeal wall caused by such an aberration.

Cervical computed tomography angiography images of 2400 patients obtained over 5 years were retrospectively reviewed. The ICA courses at the levels of the hypopharynx and oropharynx were evaluated. Aberrant ICAs running posterior to the pharynx were selected. Vessel location was classified into 3 types lateral to the vertebral foramen (normal, type I); between the lateral foramen and the uncovertebral joint (type II); and medial to the uncovertebral joint (type III). Medical records were examined, and relationships between symptoms, the ICA variations, and imaging features evaluated.

Cervically aberrant ICAs of type II were detected in 45 patients and aberrations of type III in 18. In the latter group, the mean patient age was 66 years, 12 were men and 6 were women. Six (33%) patients (4 men) had clinical symptoms associated with their aberrant ICA courses. In 2 men (11%), both ICAs took aberrant courses. Otherwise, the right ICA was affected in 9 (50%) cases and the left ICA in 7 (39%).

Parapharyngeal ICA aberrations were both common and asymptomatic. Such ICAs may be damaged during pharyngeal surgery or intubation. The ICA location should be investigated before any interventional procedure.

Parapharyngeal ICA aberrations were both common and asymptomatic. Such ICAs may be damaged during pharyngeal surgery or intubation. The ICA location should be investigated before any interventional procedure.

The purpose of this study was to explore a novel method for brain tissue differentiation using quantitative analysis of multiphase computed tomography (CT) angiography (MP-CTA) on spectral CT, to assess whether it can distinguish underperfused from normal tissue, using CT perfusion (CTP) as reference.

Noncontrast CT and MP-CTA images from 10 patients were analyzed in vascular regions through measurements of Hounsfield unit (HU) at 120 kV, HU at 40 keV, and iodine density. Regions were categorized as normal or ischemic according to CTP. Hounsfield unit and iodine density were compared regarding ability to separate normal and ischemic tissue, the difference in maximum time derivative of the right over left hemisphere ratio.

Iodine density had the highest maximum time derivatives and generated the largest mean separation between normal and ischemic tissue.

The method can be used to categorize tissue as normal or underperfused. Using iodine quantification seems to give a more distinct differentiation of perfusion defects compared with conventional HU.

The method can be used to categorize tissue as normal or underperfused. Using iodine quantification seems to give a more distinct differentiation of perfusion defects compared with conventional HU.

To demonstrate the utility of deep learning enhancement (DLE) to achieve diagnostic quality low-dose positron emission tomography (PET)/magnetic resonance (MR) imaging.

Twenty subjects with known Crohn disease underwent simultaneous PET/MR imaging after intravenous administration of approximately 185 MBq of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG). Five image sets were generated (1) standard-of-care (reference), (2) low-dose (ie, using 20% of PET counts), (3) DLE-enhanced low-dose using PET data as input, (4) DLE-enhanced low-dose using PET and MR data as input, and (5) DLE-enhanced using no PET data input. Image sets were evaluated by both quantitative metrics and qualitatively by expert readers.

Although low-dose images (series 2) and images with no PET data input (series 5) were nondiagnostic, DLE of the low-dose images (series 3 and 4) achieved diagnostic quality images that scored more favorably than reference (series 1), both qualitatively and quantitatively.

Deep learning enhancement has the potential to enable a 90% reduction of radiotracer while achieving diagnostic quality images.